Greece Review

Government

Literature

Warfare

Economics

SPARTA

ATHENS

Persia

Philosophers

Socrates

Plato

Aristiotle

Alexander The Great

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Social Structure

Marathon

Religion

Gods/Goddesses

trade

Architecture

Thermopolyae

Athens

Sparta

Citizens/Upper class/Middle class/Merchants/Artisans/Farmers

Alexander becomes king at age 20 when his father is assassinated 336 B.C

began with kings

Wives and children of citizens

Resident Foreigners

The gadfly

Slaves

created more elected positions, but land owners were the only one that were ale to participate politically

Spartiates

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Wives and children of citizens

political war between the middle class merchants/artisans and the aristocrats

Resident Foreigners

Thought everyone didn't know as much as they thought

Helots

age of the tyrants (brought: hoplites - middle class warriors; codified law; preventative measures against slavery; council of 400)

Library of Alexander

Didn't believe to have known much himself

Nicknamed "Odysseus the Cunning" due to him being clever and quick minded

Influenced

causes

Sentenced to death for corrupting the youth

were property of owners, were treated well

strategies tactics

Had the chance to run but refused to on principle

who was involved

Failed attempt to convince him to leave

result

weapons

Master of disguise

Phalynx formation, cut down trees, created obstacles making it impossible for calvary to be used, persians began the fight with a large launch of arrows but the shields just blocked them all. later on, the athenians moved forwards and put more troops on the outside and less on the inside, so when the persians attacked the middle, the outside athenians circled in on them

Killed

Student of Socrates

Adapted Socrates' ideas

main concern was a strong military

no political rights

United Macedonian and Persian armies

Teacher

most people in Sparta were conquered slaves

Asked questions that were seemingly simple but proved they didn't know anything

Indian/ Chinese Art

little political rights for lower status (scared of helot revolt)

Trojan War

Known today as "Ulysses"

Pointed out contradictions

Athenians led by Melteities, persians

citizenship awarded to adult males

Achilles

Believed it was essential for humans to be critical thinkers

no political rights

council of elders advised the kings

Was dipped in the River Styx by his mother, was held by his heel so his heel was never submerged. River Styx made him invulnerable.

Started when Paris of Troy abducted the wife (Helen) of the Greek king's brother, Agememnon.

Believed that ease of escape was not a reason to do so

council of citizens - men 30+ - could vote on council proposals but could not create their own, they could be ignored.

spartans were being beaten by the spartans, so athenians asked persia for help. in turn the athenians had to do a ritual which the athenians didnt know they were basically slaving themselves over. the athenians didnt end up needing persias help and the athenians brushed them off. persia got mad

Was employed by the Greek King Menelaus to fight in the war against the Trojans.

Believed that by running he would be a hypocrite and it would contradict his teachings

Aided in the victory of Troy, ending the war

supposed to be balanced between monarchy, democracy and oligarchy but was strongly oligarchy

Followed the laws his whole life and could have left whenever but decided not to

beat unbeatable army at 16

only citizens could vote: those 18 and over, male,

aristocrats who owned large estates

commercial and industrial class

The Lotus-Eaters

only citizens could be politically involved: males of 30+ years old

Belief that the general public was ignorant and stupid

craftspeople, shopkeepers, labourers, sailors, small land holders

Married Roxanne

what was its purpose?

How did they grow their collection?

How did they encourage learning (visiting scholars)

Only experts should make decisions

Becomes king of persia 331 B.C

Began when Paris of Troy abducted the wife of Menelaus

Teacher

(Metics)

Wrote the Republic

included all immigrants, any children of a citizen and a non-citizen, freed slaves

voting was shouting

Only cared about being immortalised in history. He was very egotistical and didn't care about the victor of the war.

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Dishonourable. Feigned insanity so he would not have to follow through with pact to protect Helen of Troy.

Took books from people to copy them, all diverse coming from all over the world.

bronze and wood shields, bronze armour/helmet, as well as swords and spears

Philosopher king

This enraged the king of Sparta, who then called upon all the kings of Greece.

merchants who handled oversea trade

registered by state

could not become citizens

Should have rigorous training in logic, rationality, morality and law

pay annual tax, forbidden to own land, expected to serve in military

Founded The Academy

knowledge to be kept alive, create community and to give access to books.

Large Greek army besieged the walls but could not break through.

came from 'barbarian' countries

Story of Socrates

two thirds of population owned slaves

Roles of a philosopher and of poetry in society

Reflect the idea of justice

At Hydaspes, Bucephalus dies.

Age 12 Alexander tames wild horse Bucephalus

Taught Plado

free citizens

adult males over age of 30 who were born in Sparta

The ideal Greek hero was someone who would use brains over brawn.

Explores natures of existing regimes and suggests new ones

Spartan boys trained to become soldiers

Decided by other philosophers

Taught Aristotle

did not work land or engage in trade

persians retreated, and tried to sail back to athens. the athenians ran 26 miles back to athens from marathon to meet the persians. persians saw athens and decided to leave.

no legal or political status

Skeptic school

could engage in industry and trade

paid students to study the books and gave them food and a place to stay.

no political rights

heavily taxed

subject to military service

Student of Plato

Opposite views to Plato

Taught Alexander

Founded the Lycium

slaves

original citizens when Spartans took over the region

starting copying greek statues

Odysseus was very clever and came up with the Trojan Horse. This horse was thought to be a gift and was brought inside the city of Troy. It was a trap however as some Greek soldiers were hiding within the horse and were able to open the gates for the rest of the army.

Son of a doctor from Macedonia

owned by state, no political rights, no hope for freedom

Forced out of Athens by anti-Macedonian sentiments

20:1- constant threat of revolt

How is it different

not based on wealth, (public library)

Some of his men ate the local Lotus

Enthusiastic teacher

Often went off on tangents

macedonian switched to persian clothing- influenced greeks to as well

Extremely curious person

They went into a haze and were heavily influenced

Empiricist

the spartans left a rear guard behind of 300 men to assist in the rest of the men escaping. they fought bravely to the death against the persians

Belief that everything must be backed by facts and logic

They forgot their families and homelife

Would research or teach a new thing in a different subject every day or every time he finished the last one

Polyphemus the Cyclops

Research showed him that the idea of a philosopher king would not work

Learned from Aristotle until 335 BC, when he founded his own Academy.

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Taught ethics, politics, poetics and analytics