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Data Storage (Mass Storage (Optical System (CD (Compact Disk ), DVDs…
Data Storage
Mass Storage
Optical System
CD (Compact Disk )
DVDs (Digital Versatile Disks)
CD-DA (compact disk-digital audio),
BDs (Blu-ray Disks)
Flash Drive
SDHC (High Capacity)
SDXC (Extended Capacity)
memory cards
SD (Secure Digital)
memory cards
SSDs (solid-state disks)
File Storage
File
Logical Record
Physical record
Magnetic System
Hard Disk
Floppy Disk
Magnetic Tape
Information Representation
NUMERIC
Types
Binary Notation
Range : 0 to 65535
0 and 1
Encoded
ASCII
Limitations
Underflow
Truncation
Overflow
TEXT
Character
Punctuation
' , ; , : , .....
Letter
A, B, C ,....
Coding
ASCII
ISO
Unicode
IMAGE
Bit Map
RGB encoding
Luminance and Chrominace
Simple Black - White picture
Vector Techniques
Scalable
TrueType and PostScript
SOUND
Sampling Techniques
Telephone Communication
Today’s musical CDs
MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface)
Electronic Keyboards :
Video game sound
BITS (Binary Digtis)
Boolean Operation
OR
XOR
AND
NOT
Gates
OR
XOR
AND
NOT
Flip-flop
VLSI (Very Large-Scale Integration)
Hexadecimal Notation
Ex: A4C8, B5
Main Memory
Main Memory Address
Address: "name" of one cell
Measuring Memory Capacity
1 KB = 2^10 bytes
1 MB = 2^20 bytes
1GB = 2^30 bytes
Logical Units
Cells
1 byte = 8 bits
RAM (Random Access Memory)
SDRAM (Dynamic
RAM)
DRAM (Synchronous
DRAM)
