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Geography DP Mozhtaba (HL Unit 4: Power places and networks (Indices of…
Geography DP Mozhtaba
HL Unit 4: Power places and networks
Indices of globalization
Superpowers
Other global powers
Global networks and flows
FDI and TNCs
Politics and Global Interactions
Our Shrinking World
Influence of Geography
Core 3
Nexus thinking
Poverty Trends
Resource availability and consumption
Core 1
Core 2
Freshwater Unit
Contemporary global networks and flows
Illegal Flow
Human Trafficking
The recruitment, harboring, transportation, provision, or obtaining of a person for labor or services, through the use of force, fraud, or coercion for the purpose of subjection to involuntary servitude, peonage, debt bondage, or slavery.
Transnational and Domestic
16 million (64%) are exploited for labor
4.8 million (19%) are sexually exploited
4.1 million (17%) were exploited in state-imposed forced labor
71% are women and girls, 29% are men and boys
Solutions
Educating people on the problem and how not to become a victim/stop it
Stop human traffickers and place them in jail
build strategic partnerships across federal, state, and local agencies, including but not limited to schools systems
Counterfeit goods
Wearing apparel/accessory: 18% of all goods
"goods, often of inferior quality, made or sold under another's brand name without the brand owner's authorization. Sellers of such goods may infringe on either the trademark, patent or copyright of the brand owner by passing off its goods as made by the brand owner."
Footwear: 14% of all goods
Watches/jewelry:13% of all goods
Handbags/wallets: 11% of all goods
Consumer electronics: 10%
Consumer products: 8% of all goods
Pharmaceuticals/person care: 7% of all goods
Optical media: 2% of all goods
Solutions
Make people aware of the problem
Policies to prevent the flow
Affects Global Trade
Narcotics
Common Drugs
Heroin
Cocaine
Opiates
Worldwide trafficking of Heroin (73.7 Metric Tones)
Middle East and South-west Asia: 39% of global total
South-East Europe:24% of global total
Western and Central Europe: 10% of global total
Worldwide trafficking of Cocaine (711 tons)
Americas and Europe accounted for a large amount
South America: 59% of global total
Solutions
Drug trafficking groups are being stopped by police
Make people aware of the issue
Because a large amount of people become drug dealers because they don't have a good education/job, make these things accessible
Global trade
Manufactured Materials, Goods and Services
Imports
LIC's
Between 1980 and 2011, and their share in world imports from 29% to 42%
Sub-Saharan Africa: imports of goods and services as percentage of it's GDP is 28.27%
HIC's
North America imports of goods and services as percentage of it's GDP is 17.03%
Exports
LIC's
Over the same period, the market share of Latin America and the Caribbean increased from 4.5 per cent to 5.9 per cent.
The value of Africa’s merchandise exports rose from $100 billion in 1995 to $560 billion in 2010.
Between 1980 and 2011, developing economies raised their share in world exports from 34% to 47%
HIC's
North America exports of goods and services as percentage of it's GDP is 14.03%
Developed countries no longer have as large a share of international trade as they once did.
Between 1995 and 2010 their share in world merchandise trade dropped while developing countries increased their share.
International Aid
Top Down Development
large scale
Emergency relief
Well funded
Conducted by foreign individuals away from the area of aid
Done by experienced government and international organizations
Resources
Bottom Up Development
Labor intensive
Less & limited funds available for aid
Conducted by domestic individuals for local population
small scale
Purpose of International Aid
Humanitarian
Economic Growth
Promotion of Democracy/Political Reasons
Aid resources through global trade
Free remittances chargesas international aid
Donor
USA
France
UK
Japan
International Remittances
Finance Imports
Capital that is used to bring goods into the country.
Balance of payment account worsens
Import transactions can be a significant burden on a company's cash-flow because the delays and complications often involved mean money is paid out long before the goods are delivered.
International Accounts
Account in another foreign country.
Same concept but the difference is goods and finance
Foreign Currency
Migrants go into the country who may hold international accounts, they earn money and send back to their families.
Traded by banks either by the actual handling of currency or checks, or by establishing balances in foreign currency with banks in those countries.
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World Bank: The World Bank is an international financial institution that provides loans and grants to the governments of poorer countries for the purpose of pursuing capital projects.
Tax Remittances
External Remittances
Beneficial to a countries economy. Increases the value of the currency in world monetary market. Provides the family getting remittance a source of income thus increasing per capita income.
Remittances make up a sizable portion of GDP.