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General Revision Part 2 (Power of electrical appliances (Energy…
General Revision Part 2
Fission and Fusion
- Fission = Division or splitting into two or more parts
- Fusion = The process or result of joining two or more things together to form a single entity
- Nuclear Fusion= A nuclear reaction in which atomic nuclei of low atomic number fuse to form a heavier nucleus with the release of energy
- Nuclear Fission = A nuclear reaction in which a heavy nucleus splits spontaneously or on impact with another particle, with the release of energy
Half life
Half life = the time taken for the radioactivity of a specified isotope to fall to half its original value.
- Radioactivity is a totally random process
- The radioactivity of a source decreases over time
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Specific latent heat
Specific latent heat = It takes a certain amount of energy to change the state of 1kg of water from solid to liquid. This amount of energy
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Density of materials
Solids, Liquids and gases
- All matter contains particles. The difference between the different states of matter is how the particles are arranged:
- In a solid - particles are tightly packed in a regular structure
- In a liquid - particles are tightly packed but free to move past each other
- In a gas - particles are spread out and move randomly
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Static Electricity
Static electricity = a stationary electric charge, typically produced by friction, which causes sparks or crackling or the attraction of dust or hair
- Build- up of static is caused by friction:
1) When certain insulating materials are rubber together, negatively charged electrons will be scraped off one and dumped onto another
2) This will leave the materials electrically charged, with a positive static charge on the other
- Too much static causes SPARKS!
The national grid
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- The national grid is a giant system of cables and transformers that covers the UK and connects power stations to consumers
- The national grid transfers eletrcial power stations anywhere on the grid (the supply) to anywhere else on the grid where its needed (the demand) e.g homes and industry
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