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Conception, Pregnancy and Childbirth (pregnancy (complications of…
Conception, Pregnancy and Childbirth
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pregnancy
preconception health
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there are different ways for new parents to achieve this, such as physical activity
pregnancy detection
you can determine a pregnancy by taking chemical tests that is designed to detect the existence of hCG
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hagar's sign, which is another sign of pregnancy, can be observed by a softening of the woman's uterus above the cervix that can be felt during a vaginal examination
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pregnancy loss
a normal pregnancy lasts about 40 weeks and the death of a fetus before 20 weeks is called pregnancy loss
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many infants could die because of poverty related conditions, lack of prenatal care, congenital problems, infectious diseases, accidents, etc
infertility
female infertility
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even though age is the best predictor for a woman's reproductive success, excess alcohol and caffeine can also affect infertility
ovarian problems caused by polycystic ovarian syndrome, blocked fallopian tubes, endometriosis, surgery for an ectopic pregnancy and problems with the uterus and uterine fibroids can interfere with a woman's ability to conceive
male infertility
around 9% of men aged 25-44 in the US reported that they or their partner saw a doctor for advice or treatment for infertility during their lifetime
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giving birth
labor and delivery
hormones secreted by the placenta regulate the growth of the fetus, stimulate the maturation of the breasts for lactations and ready the uterus and other parts of the body for labor
the hormone relaxin that is produced by the placenta increases flexibility in the ligaments and joints of the pelvic area
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choices in childbirth
hospital birth provides the traditional and impersonal care that people need and they would often administer pain relief during hospital deliveries
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c-section involves the delivery of a baby through an incision in the mother's abdominal wall and uterus
in most countries, midwives attend the majority of births in order to guide the mother. they guide the mother through emotional support