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Electrochemistry (Terminology (Electric Current – a flow of ions or…

- - - - 2Br- –––> Br2 + 2e-
      - Pb2+ + 2e- –––> Pb
  - - - Allows gases to be collected and volume measured
    - - Platinum electrodes
      - Gases bubble up into two inverted burettes
      - As the gases are collected, the acid is forced downwards in the burettes and through the central column
      - The central column has a reservoir at the top
    - - 2H+ + 2e- –––> H2
      - 4OH- –––> 2H2O + O2 + 4e-
  - - - Oxidised and discharged at the anode as chlorine gas
- - - - Non-metal @ anode
      - Metal @ cathode
  - - - Unless Cu, Ag or Au ions are present – discharged as the metal
    - - Unless halide ions are present in reasonably high concentrations – discharged as halogen
- - - - When current passes through an electrolyte, the ions move through and eventually pick up electrons from or give electrons to the power supply
        
        This results in a chemical reaction which breaks down the electrolyte, or sometimes the solvent itself, into elements.
        
        Electrolytes are decomposed by the passage of an electric current
      - Conduct because of the presence of free-moving ions
    - - Conducting just causes the metal to heat up because of its resistance
      - Conduct because of the presence of free-moving, delocalised electrons