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Diet and good health Special diets FOOD ALLERGIES AND FOOD INTOLERANCES
Diet and good health
Special diets
FOOD ALLERGIES AND FOOD INTOLERANCES
LACTOSE INTOLERANCE
Lactose intolerance means that the person must avoid cow milk.
Allergen cross contamination risk warnings must also be used
This is known as anaphylaxis, and can be life-threatening
Allergens can be written in bold, italics, highlighted, contrasting colour, capitals and underlining on food labels
All pre-packed foods sold in the UK must clearly state on the label if they contain any of the 14 major food allergens
Food labels need to be checked carefully for warnings about the possibility of nut traces
A food intolerance is a term applied to a range of adverse response to certain foods and does not involve an immune system response
ALLERGIES
Some people are either born with or develop an allergy, which means they have to avoid certain foods or drastically reduce intake of these foods
Allergy to peanuts and tree nuts is the most common food allergy in adults and children.
Allergic reactions to peanuts include a rash, eczema and vomiting.
Recent studies have shown that peanut allergy is on the increase
People with nut allergies should avoid foods with peanuts and nuts altogether
The food allergens are: peanuts, nuts, eggs, milk, celery, mustard, crustanceans (e.g. crab), molluscs (e.g. oysters), fish, sesame seeds, cereals containing gluten (wheat, barley, rue), soybeans, lupin and sulphur dioxide
ALLERGIES
Other foods which can bring on allergic reactions include eggs and shellfish
However, some allergic reactions can be severe, causing difficulty in breathing due to asthma or throat swelling, or a drop in blood pressure.
A food allergy involves an immune system response
This can be replaced with other milks such as hazel, almond, rice or soya milk.
Lactose-free products such as cheese are also available.
People with lactose intolerance cannot digest the milk sugar, lactose, because of an enzyme deficiency in the body
The body digests lactose using a substance called lactase to break down lactose into two sugars called glucose and galactose, which can then be easily absorbed into the bloodstream
People with lactose intolerance do not produce enough lactase, so lactose stays in the digestive system where it is fermented by bacteria, leading to the production of various gases, causing the symptoms associated with lactose intolerance
Many processed foods contain lactose. Lactose intolerant people should read the labels to check