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Biology - Respiration (Anaerobic and Aerobic (The byproducts of anaerobic…
Biology - Respiration
Anaerobic and Aerobic
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In anaerobic respiration glucose reacts in the absence of oxygen in the cytoplasm of cells to release energy.
The byproduct in animals is lactic acid. If lactic acid builds up in the bloodstream the animal experience muscle cramps. It must oxidise the lactic acid to convert it back to glucose.
In aerobic respiration glucose reacts with oxygen in the mitochondria of cells to release energy. The byproducts are carbon dioxide and water.
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Two main disadvantages of anaerobic respiration in animals are 1. It converts much less of the energy stored in food into a form of chemical energy that cells can use. 2. It produces toxic waste products such as lactic acid or ethanol.
During Exercise
During exercise, if insufficient oxygen is reaching the muscles they use anaerobic respiration to obtain energy.
If muscles are subjected to long periods of vigorous activity they become fatigued, ie they stop contracting efficiently.
One cause of fatigue is the build-up of lactic acid in the muscles, which denatures enzymes in the muscle cells.
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After the exercise you breathe more deeply and vigorously to obtain sufficient oxygen to oxidise the lactic acid to carbon dioxide and water. This is known as the oxygen debt.
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