Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Principles (Format and Presentation (Output (The learners should be pushed…
Principles
Format and Presentation
Output
The learners should be pushed to produce the language in both speaking and writing over a range of discourse types.
Deliberate Learning
The course should include language-focused learning on the sound system, spelling, vocabulary, grammar and discourse areas.
Fluency
A language course should provide activities aimed at increasing the fluency with which learners can use the language they already know, both receptively and productively.
-
Comprehensible Input
There should be substantial quantities of interesting comprehensible receptive activity in both listening and reading.
-
Four Strands
A course should include a roughly even balance of meaning-focused input, language-focused learning, meaning-focused output and fluency activities.
-
MOTIVATION
As much as possible, the learners should be interested and excited about learning the language and they should come to value this learning.
Learning Style
There should be opportunity for learners to work with the learning material in ways that most suit their individual learning style.
Content and Sequencing
-
KEEP MOVING FORWARD
A language course should progressively cover useful language items, skills and strategies.
SPACED RETRIEVAL
Learners should have increasingly spaced, repeated opportunities to retrieve and give attention to wanted items in a variety of contexts.
TEACHABILITY
The teaching of language items should take account of the most favorable sequencing of these items and should take account of when the learners are most ready to learn them.
STRATEGIES AND AUTONOMY
A language course should train learners in how to learn a language and how to monitor and be aware of their learning
-
FREQUENCY
A language course should provide the best possible coverage of language in use through the inclusion of items that occur frequently in the language
INTERFERENCE
The items in a language course should be sequenced so that items which are learned together have a positive effect on each other for learning and so that interference effects are avoided.
-