ENGLISH

1st Period

2nd Period

3rd Period

Grammar Present Tenses

  • Habits and routines. Ex: she goes to school every day. - Timetable. Ex: the class starts at 8 am
  • General truths. Ex: elephants have big ears.
  • Timetable. Ex: the class starts at 8 am
  • Description of plots or films. Ex: the story begins in Spain.

Vocabulary Natural Disasters

shakes - collapse - crack - erupts - runs - float - knock over - smash - drags.

Phrasal Verbs Creative Eating

eat out - live on - cut down on - cut out - fill up on - eat up - heat up - goes off.

Grammar Making Comparison

Small Difference: slightly, a bit, a little.

Big Difference: a good deal, much, a lot, far.

Vocabulary of Music

Modals Ability, Possibility, managed to

  • The chart: an official weekly list of the most popular songs.
  • Devoted fans: people who likes a singer very much.
  • Massive hit: a very popular song.
  • Background music: music playing quietly while you are doing something.
  • Go solo: leave a band to start a music career by yourself.
  • Lead singer: main singer in a band.
  • Touring the world: travelling around the world giving live concerts.

Past

  • Was/were able to or managed to: for a particular situation.
  • Was/were or could: in general ability.

Future

  • Can/will be able to: certain in particular situation.
  • Will be: certain in a general ability.
  • May/might: not certain.

Vocabulary Verbs of Communication

  • Confess to - Threaten to - Suggest that - Accuse of - Claim that - Warn to - Order to - Deny

Grammar Past Tenses

Past Simple:

  • For completed events in the past.

  • For states in the past related to a particular time.


  • subject + verb in past + complement

Past Continuous:

  • For past events which happened for a relatively long time.
  • For events happening around the time of another past event (in the past simple).
  • subject + was/were + v ing + complement

Used to:

  • For talking about past habits which aren't true now.
  • subject + used to + vsf + complement

Past Perfect:

  • For events which happened some time before or up to another point in the past.
  • subject + had + vpp + complement

Phrasal Verbs Relationships

Pick on - Identify with - Fall out - Go through - Back up - Laugh at

Linking words

Sequence: First/Firstly - Second/Secondly - Third/Thirdly - Next, Last, Finally - The former...the latter - The first point is… - Then - Lastly - The following

Result: so - as a result - as a consequence - therefore - thus - hence - consequently

Contrast: despite - in spite of - though - although - even though - but - despite the fact that - in spite of the fact that - whereas - on the other hand - on the contrary - however - nevertheless - nonetheless

Addition: besides - and - apart from - in addition to - additionally - furthermore - moreover - also - too - as well as

Reason: due to/ due to the fact that - owing to/ owing to the fact that - because - because of - since - as - for

Example: for example - for instance - that is - such as - including - namely

Summarising: in short - in brief - in summary - to summarise - in a nutshell - to conclude - in conclusion

Reported Speech

Sequence of Tenses:


  • Simple Present - Simple Past
  • Present Continuous - Past Continuous
  • Present Perfect - Past Perfect
  • Past - Past Perfect
  • Past Perfect - Past Perfect
  • Past Continuous - Past Perfect Continuous - had been v ing
  • can - could
  • will - would
  • must - had to
  • have to/has to - had to
  • should - should

Other Changes:


  • here - there
  • last year - the year before
  • yesterday - the previous day/the day before
  • 2 years ago - 2 years before
  • now - then
  • tomorrow - the following day
  • next year - the following year

Request (favour): reporting verb: asked
Teacher to Mel: "Can you lend me a pen please?"
The teacher asked Mel to lend her a pen.


Command: reporting verb: told
Teacher to Emiliano: "Speak English in class"
The teacher told Emiliano to speak English.

Wh Question: reporting verb: asked
Teacher to Clorio: "What did you do yesterday?"
The teacher asked Clorio what he had done the day before.

Direct Question: reporting verb: asked
Teacher to Caro: "Have you studied here for a long time?"
The teacher asked Caro if she had studied there for a long time.

Prepositions

IN: centuries (the 1900's) - decades (the 90's) - years (1990) - months (March) - weeks (5 weeks) - seasons (Spring) - enclosed space (a car) - periods of time (the future) - holidays (the Easter Holiday) - parts of the day (the morning) - countries (France) - cities (Paris) - neighborhood (Manhattan)

ON: time (the weekend) - days (Monday) - dates (April 3rd) - specific days (my birthday) - holidays with "day" (Easter Day) - streets (Columbus street) - avenues (Seventh avenue) - surfaces (the floor) - means of transport (a bus) - communications (the radio)

AT: hours (3 p.m.) - parts of the day (midnight) - time (the moment) - holidays without "day" (Easter) - addresses (456 State street) - specific locations (the station)

good at - interested in - great at - afraid of - know about - talk to someone - talk about something - get fed up with - look for - look forward to. After prepositions if you use a verb it must be ing, example: I'm good at doing.

Second Conditional

Reality: She has many problems, she isn't happy.
Imaginary situation: If she didn't (past) have problems, she (would/could/might) be happy.

I wish / If only

  • I wish + subject + verb "past" + complement: I wish my friend didn't use my phone without asking.
  • If only + subject + (could/would/past) + vsf + complement: If only I could get any sunglasses.

Have/get something done

Subject + have/get + object + v. past participle
I cut my hair - I had my hair cut


A friend had his bike stolen.
Had.- for unpleasant situations or things.


For things we ask or persuade someone to do:
The police get the person to tell their story in detail.