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Inventions - Red Group (Printing (Printing began around seventh centuries…
Inventions - Red Group
Paper
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Notes:
- Paper was not used in Europe until 1150 CE
- By 793 CE there was a papermaking industry in Baghdad.
- Fourth century CE Merchants from Central Asia were sending letters on paper
- Paper was cheap,sturdy, easy to make in large amounts, easy to handle (Made from tree bark, rags (woven from plant fiber)
- Materials listed above were time consuming and difficult
- People used palm trees (India)
- People used papyrus (made from a special plant in Egypt) (Middle East)
- People used parchment (writing material made from animal skin) (Europe)
- Before paper they used rolls of silk ot thin stips of bamboo (Chinese)
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Printing
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- At first (characters were printed with hand-carved wooden blocks that were stamped on paper)
- Then a Chinese craftsman (Bi Sheng) invented a movable type (individually carved with reusable characters made of hardened clay) 1041 CE
- Buddhists spread printing throughout the Silk Road
- They carried small, printed, religious booklets that were good luck charms
- The booklets were found in the caves at Dunhuang and the Diamond Sutra
- Time of Marco Polo, Silk Road travelers helped spread the idea of printing to Europe
- At first Italians made books out of hand carved blocks
- Then 1456 Johannes Gutenberg invented his own movale machine (the príntíng press)
- His invention changed history in Europe (making books cheap enough for everyone to buy which advanced the knowledge and information)
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