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Malaria (Introduction (100 million infected per year, 600,000 deaths, ~50%…
Malaria
Introduction
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Plasmodium vivax (common and mild), falciparum (severe)
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Sporozoa replicate in anopheles mosquito gut, bite into human liver then RBC where causes fragility and anaemia
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Sickle Cell
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Hb-S protection
suppress parasite growth (less space, HbAS less readily degradeble/metabolised)
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cytoadherence
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coaguation, endothelial dysfunction, inflam causing stenosis/occlusion
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Duffy Ag
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prevents erythrocytic expression, Duffy-negative phenotype (ABO negative)
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negative protected - but several studies saw infection in Duffy negative individuals so maybe not completely
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Epigenetics
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increased H3K4 trimethylation associated with hyper-responsive peripheral blood mononuclear cells to plasmodium infection
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