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Chemistry- Bonding (Ionic bonding (How the compound sodium chloride is…
Chemistry- Bonding
Ionic bonding
- How the compound sodium chloride is formed in words
- How under certain circumstances the compound sodium chloride can conduct electricity
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= Sodium chloride is formed when sodium atoms interact with chlorine atoms. ... The chemical formula for sodium chloride is NaCl, which means that for every sodium atom present, there is exactly one chloride atom.
= In the solid state, ionic compounds such as sodium chloride have their ions fixed in position and therefore these ions cannot move so solid ionic compounds cannot conduct electricity. However in the molten state, ions in ionic compounds are free to flow and therefore molten sodium chloride can conduct electricity.
Covalent bonding
Simple molecules
- Why do simple molecules not conduct heat or electricity?
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= Low melting and boiling points - this is because little energy is needed to break the weak intermolecular forces. Do not conduct electricity - this is because they do not have any free electrons or an overall electric charge.
Giant structures
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- Why does diamond have a high melting point?
- Why can graphite be used as pencil lead?
- Why can graphite be used as electrodes in electrolysis?
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= This is the ideal material because graphite chemically forms a carbon bond. Graphite is easy to work with because it is soft and can be encased into a wooden barrel
= Each carbon atom is covalently bonded to four other carbon atoms. A lot of energy is needed to separate the atoms in diamond. This is because covalent bonds are strong, and diamond contains very many covalent bonds
= Each carbon atom is covalently bonded to four other carbon atoms. A lot of energy is needed to separate the atoms in diamond. This is because covalent bonds are strong, and diamond contains very many covalent bonds.
= Graphite is an electric conductor, consequently, useful in such applications as arc lamp electrodes. It can conduct electricity due to the vast electron delocalization within the carbon layers (a phenomenon called aromaticity). These valence electrons are free to move, so are able to conduct electricity
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