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Plan (Common Resource in Global world (Relationship between language,…

- - - - Causes inequality
        Power imbalance
        Lack of knowledge sharing
        Issues with communication
    - - Euro-English
        
        EU register
        
        Counter - is this just specific lexis like any job?
        
        Influence from other Euro languages on Euro English such as "forseen"
        
        Should native speakers learn it? "And it may be that native English speakers will have to learn it."
        
        Less idioms that standard UK english. It's 'Globish'
        
        Native English speakers feel their language is becoming more Euro as their language patterns are influenced
        
        Using syllable timed rhythm like French
        
        simplified sentence constructions, the avoidance of idioms and colloquial vocabulary, a slower rate of speech, and the use of clearer patterns of articulation
        
        Some scholars, such as Jennifer Jenkins (2007), now argue that common patterns of non-native usage will emerge around the English-speaking world, resulting in a new version of English as a Lingua Franca (ELF) – a phenomenon that is beginning to receive empirical study (the VOICE project of Seidlhofer, 2010).
  - - - Japan it might be seen as a symbol of an international outlook, while in Bangladesh it might be associated with economic prestige
        
        no longer speak of a single cohesive ‘English speech community’
        which can result in inter cultural communication issues
      - The pull imposed by the need for identity, which has been making New Englishes increasingly dissimilar from British English, could be balanced by a pull imposed by the need for intelligibility, on a world scale, which will make them increasingly similar
    - - therefore, the ways in which communities are changing due to the forces of globalisation that produces the new patterns of linguistic use and new forms of linguistic diversity which we experience in present day society.
  - - - AV 4.1 - Idea of local practices taking on global
        and vice versa, global taking on local practices
        
        B1 - P180 the English of ‘Inner Circle’ countries is also being influenced by the language practices of new immigrant communities
    - - It's a mix of English with the dialects and colloquialisms of the various races that make up Singapore
        
        Features - discourse particles, so "lah," "mah," "hor." And "mah" is a particle that I think often is used to indicate scepticism
        
        Reduplication of verbs. "Cough", "I cough cough a bit", or "I cough cough cough a lot",
        
        Reduplication of adjectives to intensify the meaning. "I like hot hot curries".
      - People use Singlish to represent their identity, rather than standard English
    - - reconfiguration of communities and the development of new cultural practices by these communities
        
        item of vocabulary might have one shade of meaning in British English, but a quite different shade in one of the New Englishes.
        
        Language contact – results in new varieties of English developing, which are influenced by the linguistic and communicative practices of the communities which adopt the language.
        
        B1 - P166 - So there are two different forces at work here – one which creates the need for a common language which can be used (and understood) across national and cultural boundaries, and another which results in continued and greater diversity in the language.
        
        Communities mix english with their own culture and language practices
        
        Communities globally need to communicate with each other as so start to assimilate. See Euro English
- - - - British council
        EFL teaching
        EFL English books
        Hollywood/TV
        Value of standard English varieties
  - - - Hybrid languages
        Creoles/Pidgins
        Codeswitching
        Dialects
        Varieties
    - - Ratio of native to non native 1:4
        
        Growth in nations with English as 2nd language is twice as native
    - - English as Business Lingua Franca (BELF)
        
        Linguistic structure of the English
        
        Specialised words
        
        Specialised vocab more important than grammatical correctness for successful communication
        
        Vocab specific to context and environment
        
        did not contain:
        
        complicated phraseology
        
        idiomatic expressions
        
        complex sentence structures
        
        Hybrid of features reflecting speakers mother tongue discourses
        
        NNs trusted other NNs more than Native speakers who could gain upper hand with their language use
        Found it more equal and easier
        
        NNs felt nobody 'owned' the language
        Equal footing for users
        More trust
        
        Neutral code
        
        AV 4. 1
        Argument against English being neutral
        
        AV 4.3 - Language in EU - not neutral, English has influenced in a liberal way
        
        Native English speakers could benefit from training
        Using less idiomatic expressions
        Learning NNs accents /dialects