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Childhood (Pilcher 1995 (Childhood: (Childwear, Emotional responsibility,…
Childhood
Pilcher 1995
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March of progress:
Childhood is seen as the 'golden age' an age of innocence. Many societies see childhood as a period of life that requires protection and 'quarantine' from adult life.
Ruth Benedict 1934
1) More responsibility at a young age. Punch 2001 points out that in rural Bolivia that 5 year olds are expected to take work responsibilities in the home.
2) Less value placed on obedience to adult authority. Firth 1970- Found that the Tikopia of the western pacific believe that children are well within their rights to dismiss orders from their parents
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3) Sexual behaviour is viewed differently. Malinowski (1957) found that the Trobriand Islanders (South West Pacific) were tolerant of children’s sexual explorations.
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Wagg 1992
Childhood is socially constructed. It is what members of particular societies at particular times, in particular places, say it is. Therefore is no single universal childhood, experienced by all
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The 20th century:
Become the 'age of the child' IE: Families and society in general, have become 'child centred'. The position of children has vastly improved since the middle ages.
Jenks 2005: Childhood is not disappearing it is changing. Children have become the only constant refugee in our postmodern society which sees so much upheaval (increase in divorce etc.) that adult are more preoccupied with protecting them. Childhood continues to be a separate status, and the legal restrictions placed on what children can do continues to mark Them off from adults.