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Ecology of Nonparental Child Care (Chapter 5 (Macrosystem (Political…
Ecology of Nonparental Child Care
Chapter 5
Nonparental child care
Extended day care
Components of quality
Size of overall group
6-8 for children 0-12 months
16-20 for 4-5 year olds
ratios
0-12 months is 1:3 or 1:4
4-5 years is 1:8 - 1:10
Caregiver training
NAEYC
Developmentally Appropriate Program (DAP)
Poor quality
High turnover
low wages/benefits
Varying state requirements
Macrosystem
Political ideology, economics and science/technology
Social Service
Enrichment
Parent employability
Intervention
Readiness
Chronosystem
Separation from mother
Child care setting
Ecological systems
Psychological development
Spitz's study
Babies raised in foundling home vs babies raised by mother in prison
Bowlby's study
Importance of maternal love and care
Skeels's study
Nurturance can be provided by caregiver other than mother
Day care more than 20 hrs/wk, less mother sensitivity
Social development
Interact more with peers
Less cooperative/responsive to adults
More assertive and self-sufficient
Cognitive development
Higher IQ (but not permanent)
Intervention programs (Head Start)
Mesosystem
Latchkey children
Extended day programs
Socialization outcomes
Curriculum
Teacher-directed
Direct instruction
B. F. Skinner
Progressive segments
Tools of the Mind
Learner-directed
Cognitively oriented
HighScope
Assimilation
Mental adaptation from experiences
Accommodation
Reconciling differences of experiences
Equilibrium
Balance between assimilation and accommodation
Piaget's stages
Sensorimotor (thinking is action
Preoperational (thinking is based on appearances)
Concrete Operational (thinking is based on reality)
Formal Operational (thinking is based on abstractions)
Montessori
Children educate themselves
No reward or reprimand
Reality training - real things instead of toys
Developmental interaction
Use of themes with interaction
Bank Street
Tools of the Mind
Vygotsky
5 "minds"
Disciplined
Mastering a skill
Graphics practice
Synthesizing
Integrating into a whole
Venger drawing
Creating
Uncover/clarify problems and solutions
Play planning
Respectful
Aware and appreciates human differences
Buddy reading
Ethical
Work for common good
Collection making
Intentional teaching
Ideology
Plasticity
More in first 5 years
Dendrites to soma to axon
We Are Asking Too Much of Daycare
Child Care centers are rarely high-quality (around 9-15%)
Behavioral problems if spend more than 30 hrs/week in daycare
At risk children more affected
Rises in cortisol levels
Children need
Stimulation of senses
Loving caregiver(s)
Adult interaction
Negotiations with gestures
Pretend play
Using ideas in debates
High turnover of staff (30% a year)
When Mom Can't Be Home
Under some circumstances, child care may be needed
Raising child is still parent's responsibility
Quality time with children
Center around needs of child
Options
Home care
Home child center
Child center
Quality of care (ratios)
Curriculum
Personnel
Safety
Cleanliness
Meals/snacks
Licensing
Cost
Industry/university care
Neighborhood babysitting
Alternate work schedules
First few minutes after pick-up are important
Overscheduled Families
Pressuring young child early on to get into certain programs or accomplish parental goals
Mom Ordered to Stop Babysitting Kids' Friends
Snyder received letter from Michigan Department of Human Services for running illegal child care center, fines and possible jail time if she didn't get licensed
Law that unrelated person watches child more than 28 days a year without parents staying at home (playdate)
Wasn't getting paid
Piaget Preoperational Stage video
Stage 1: Sensorimotor (0-2 years)
Object permanence
Stage 2: Preoperational (2-7 years)
Egocentrism
Stage 3: Concrete Operational (7-11 years)
Conservation
Stage 4: Formal Operations (11+)
Abstract thinking
Family Time
FHE
Information age
What are my highest priorities to be accomplished while on earth?
Understand our relationship with God and Christ
Understand our relationship with family
Find retreat of peace and quiet
Inspiration comes in packets
The Four-Thirds Solution
Each parent/caregiver works 2/3 of time
Children's needs chief concern
"floor time"
Need more Government and industry support