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Unit 1.2 (Unit 1.2.4: Problems with interwar healthcare (It was too…

- - - - 1911 National Insurance Act: This provided sick workers with sick pay. The idea was that this would be ‘self financing’ (i.e. would not require the State to make any extra contributions from general taxation). However this only applied to 10% of males.
      - 1918: Out of work donation: this temporary scheme is set up to give benefits to soldiers who have returned from fighting but have not come back to a job. Significant because it was a ‘non-contributory’ scheme. However this ended in 1920
  - - - 1908 - Old Age Pensions Act: this created State-funded old age pensions in Britain for the first time: Funded through a very controversial increase in taxes known as the ‘People’s Budget’
      - In 1921 pensions doubled
      - 1925 Widows, Orphans and Old Age Contributory Pensions Act passed: This lowered the age of pensioners and allowed widows to receive a pension.
  - - - Housing and Town Planning Act: this new law was meant to build ‘homes fit for heroes’: The government was provided with money to build new council houses and predicted to build about 600,000 houses. However due to budget cuts known as the Geddes Axe they only built 213,000.
      - Housing Act 1924: By 1933, 500 000 council houses had been built under this scheme
      - Housing Act 1923: The government gave money to private businesses to build homes for those who could afford it. By 1929, 493 000 houses had been built under this scheme.
- - - - National Insurance Act 1946 which gave working class better access to benefits
    - - The Labour Government passed the New Towns Act 1946. This established a number of new towns outside the existing cities.
    - - The Government passed the National Health Service Act in 1946. Two years later, the first NHS patients were being treated.
    - - The Employment Policy White Paper of 1944 set out the government’s new commitment to full employment as the key economic priority.T
    - - he National Government passed the 1944 Education Act. This increased the school leaving age, so that children were required to stay on at school until the age of 15.