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PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (Fact about the PNS (2 types (sensory neurons…
PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
Function
The nerves of PNS role it to connect the CNS to the sensory organs
Working Organs
Nerves to - eyes, ear, muscles, blood vessels and glands
Fact about the PNS
Consists of all parts of the nervous system except the brain and spinal cord
A conduit through which neural signals are transmitted to and from the central nervous system
2 types
sensory neurons
Provide stimulus such as heat, cold and pain
Motor neurons
connects the CNS to the effectors
provide reactions
Divided into 2 subsystems
Sensory-somatic nervous system
sensory gateway between the environment outside and the CNS
Comprises of 12 pairs of cranial nerves and 31 pairs of spinal nerves
Autonomic nervous system
3 subsystems
sympathetic nervous system
nerves fibers innervate smooth muscle, cardiac muscle and glandular tissue
stimulation causes increase in activity and metabolic rate ( fight or flight response )
acts to increase heart rate, force of atrial and ventricular contractions
parasympathetic nervous system
Slows activity and results in a lowering of metabolic rate and a concordant conservation of energy
acts as a counter towards the sympathetic nervous system
Enteric nervous system
Nerve fibers that supply the viscera of the body which are the gastrointestinal tract, pancreas and gallbladder
Disorder
Hyperesthesia
trigeminal neuralgia
neuritis
Risk factor
Diabetes
Alcohol Abuse
Vitamin deficiencies, particularly B vitamins
Infections such as Lyme disease, shingles, epstein-Barr virus, hepatitis B and HIV