2.2.2 - tracing the development and movement of the products of photosynthesis (pgs. 143-144)

3D imaging

non-destructive

qualitative data

leaf health

digital photos taken at various parts & angles

photos are put together in a computer program to form 3D image

quantitative data

leaf size

Far-infrared imaging

Near-infrared imaging

longer wavelength

measures temperature

gradation of red colour

helps track salinity of plant & ability to cope

visible light

plants reflect infrared

shorter wavelength

plants reflect infrared

salt levels

study movement of water

see what's in soil (salt levels)

leaf temperature increases as salinity increases

study carbohydrate content in leaves

glucose

photosynthesis

Fluorescence imaging

shining blue light on plant -> causes plant to glow

measures movement of water

rate of photosynthesis

genetic impact

detected by: example

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

strong magnetic field & radiowaves

study structure, metabolism & physiological properties

no stress to plant

structure -> root system

non-destructive & can be don't on-sight

non-destructive

non-destructive

physiological properties -> a property having to do with the functioning

measurements made & external structure studied using image

3D images of root structures

application: grow plants in clear containers so roots can be studied by MRI

image can combine with images from PET or NT

greater detail & functional information about transport & processes

involve detection of radiation produced by radioisotope

PET: Positron Emission Tomography

NT: Neutron Tomography

X-ray computed microtomography

internal structure of plants

non-destructive

sample positioned in X-ray beam is rotated & hundreds of images from different angles recorded

images analysed & reconstructed into 3D computer-generated image

any angle observed & spatial arrangement of internal tissues studied

Photosynthesis process

radioactive tracer --> carbon-14

sunlight acts on chlorophyll to begin manufacturing organic compounds

isotopes

different forms of the same element

radioisotopes: emit radiation (radioactive)

emission of radioactive particles/waves measured by many methods

useful tracers

determined that water was source of oxygen gas released in photosynthesis

pathway of glucose produced in photosynthesis can be traced

computers convert information into 3D images

see where radioactively labelled chemicals are moving or stored in living organism

RRIS

Real-time Radioactive Imaging System

non-destructive

visualises movement of substances in phloem

PlanTIS

PET scanner for plants

traces radioisotope carbon-11 --> glucose molecule