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Health and the people - Middle Ages (Hippocrates (Theory of Clinical…
Health and the people -
Middle Ages
Causes of illnesses were unknown
Doctors were called physicians
Lacked knowledge and experience
Influenced by church
Training was to read old medical texts
Supernatural beliefs dominated treatment
God had power to create illnesses
God guided doctors on treatment
Zodiac charts were used to find treatments and estimate the right time to operate
Some natural treatments were used, healers used natural herbs, breathing problems or eye infections treated with balms; urine charts = diagnosis
Hippocrates
Theory of Clinical Observation
Theory of Four Humours, balanced
Bleeding (cut or leeches) used to prevent or cure illnesses
Hippocratic Oath - still used today
Hippocratic book collection - first detailed account of symptoms and treatment
Galen
built on Theory of Four Humours
Dissected animals to learn about human anatomy
Supported design theory
Liked by the church
Dominated medical training and treatments
Help/Hinder
Church and Christianity
controlled uni's where doctors trained (H, G)
banned medical research and human dissection
'illness was sent as punishment for sinning'
Hospitals
no doctors: strict diet, prayer and herbal treatments
Hospital wards had altars for prayers
linked to nunneries/ monasteries
Warfare
Quicker amputations
Improved skill healing wounds
New tools e.g arrow cup
Improved ointments
Sharing through manuals
Islamic medicine more advanced, encyclopaedias spread to Britain through crusaders (Avicenna COM was important until 1700's)