Please enable JavaScript.

Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.

SA WATER QUALITY (3. Possible Procedures (Salinity (Salinity testing kit,…

- - - - Human consumption
        
        Drinking
        
        Sewerage
        
        Recreational use
        
        Recycled
        
        Urban stormwater
        
        Cooking
        
        Washing/bathing
      - Industrial and domestic use
        
        Agricultural
        
        Groundwater
        
        Sewerage
        
        Waste water
        
        Manufacturing
      - Environmental
        
        Marine life
        
        Health of biodiversity
    - - River water
      - Rainwater
      - Tap water
      - Lab tap
      - Handwashing tap
      - Pure tap
    - - creeks
      - streams
      - rivers
      - coastal waters
    - - Standards/ratings
      - How is it measured?
        
        Do we need special equipment/technology?
        
        Achievable tests?
      - Why does water need to be of quality?
    - - The chemical, physical, biological, and radiological characteristics of water
      - Measuring condition of water relative to requirements of a biotic species and or any human need/purpose
- - - - Heavy metals like Al, Va, As, Be, Cu, Hg, Zn, Pb etc. are not naturally occurring. Harmful when consumed--> affect kidneys, liver, nervous system and bone structure. In humans, causes cause many health issues
    - - Determines the rate of biochemical reaction in an aquatic environment
        
        If temperature is too high, this restricts no. reactions from occurring and limits water's ability to hold oxygen
        
        Decreases organisms resistance to some pollutants, decreasing microorganism biodiversity
    - - Measuring total non-carbonated salts dissolved in groundwater indicates how salty topsoil may become if water table rises
    - - This is an indicator of microorganism/water health because aquatic life requires oxygen for cellular respiration
      - Dissolved Oxygen has an effect on the taste of the water
    - - Usually in fresh and salt water but too much indicates minerals dissolving and industrial pollution
    - - Measuring amount of particulate matter suspended in water/water clarity indicates the effectiveness of photosynthesis in that region because high levels of turbidity prevents light from penetrating the water and increases water temperature
    - - TRH
        
        These chemicals affect
      - BTEX
      - RAHs
    - - Determine methane, carbon dioxide, Cyanide oxygen and nitrogen and many other volatile components
    - - measure Li, NH4 and many other low molecular weight ions using ion exchange technology
    - - Most aquatic organisms can only survive within a pH range of 6 to 8
    - - Essential nutrients for aquatic plants.High levels indicate health of plant life. But too much due to detergent, fertilisers and sewage can cause eutrophication--> causes algal blooms
    - - Consumption of pesticides is harmful to both plant life and humans. Concentration levels indicate water health and safety
    - - Indicates redox potential of solution--> indicating electron activity and microorganism growth
  - - - Pesticides
      - Surfactants
- - - - ion exchange technolgy
  - - - Will give most accurate reading to 2 decimal places
    - - universal litmus
        
        Less reliable
      - methyl orange
      - phenophthalien