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5b - Living in tectonically active areas: Earthquakes (Nepal ((Modifying…
5b - Living in tectonically active areas: Earthquakes
Nepal
Modifying vulnerability
The National Society for Earthquake Technology and the Disaster Preparedness Network are the non-governmental organisations which aim to bring together science and engineering to devise strategies to reduce risks
mapping of high risk 'shake zones'
building codes introduced
encouraging households to have 'go-bags' which contain useful items in case of an earthquake (water, food, whistle etc.)
introducing education programmes
organising an annual earthquake awareness day
Modifying loss
Impacts from earthquakes can be severe and when disasterrs like this occur the intervention of international disaster relief agencies is needed to mitigate its affects
330 humanitarian agencies were involved in the after math of the 2015 earthquake included international agencies like the UN and the EU. Japan, Indonesia and the UK also helped.
Help from NGOs is always used in very drastic disasters and in the 2015 disaster the Red Cross,Christian Aid and Shelter all helped out
CONCLUSION
The Gohka earthquake in 2015 allowed analysis on how effective the disaster plans were and how useful the mitigation strategies were and it was concluded that there could have been a lot greater loss but it was minimised by the plans and strategies that were carried out. Throughout Nepal people have benefitted from the educational programmes and the earthquake building codes. Nepal's mountains topography hindered the attempts to get resources to remote villages and at a personal level, thousands of households have been devastated by the loss of family members.
INTRODUCTION
The Nepalese know that there is not way of preventing or modifying an earthquake event, however some of the effects of ground shaking can be managed. Due to many landslides there is a lot of deforestation and there are afforestation projects that try to regrow trees however there is still a very high demand for fuel and other resources in Nepal for the Nepalese are still under pressure.
Japan
Modifying vulnerability
Research and monitoring provide information and warning of near to occur disasters which are provided to the government, the medical services, fire, military, transport, power and telecom companies
Buildings with aseismic designs; steel frames, rubber shock absorbers, deep foundations, car parks at the bottom of buildings for sinking and suspension bridges capable of moving
Fire proofing old buildings
Land use zoning for people to accumulate during an earthquake
Control of building structure in risk areas that are susceptible to ground shaking and liquefaction
Tsunami warning systems refuge sites on permanent stand-by equipped with bottled water, tents and blankets
Training of all ages about earthquake disasters
Modifying loss
Well rehearsed recovery and reconstruction plans at national, local and regional levels
Aims to rebuild physically, economically and socially as quickly as possible
INTRODUCTION
Japan's economic wealth, highly developed education system and stable political environment enable it to cope with the constant threat of high-magnitude earthquake events
CONCLUSION
Japan has learnt from their past earthquakes and have adapted their plans. After Kobe in 1995 much work was undertaken with restrengthening bridges and roads. The plans are being adapted and updated everyday so everyone has the resources the give them a high degree of resilience
