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Education (Types (homeschooling, Massive Open Online Courses e.g. edX…
Education
Types
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Massive Open Online Courses e.g. edX (offered by Harvard, MIT-data & computer sci etc.)
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flipped learning (students intro-ed to learning materials before class, w/ classroom time being used to deepen understanding) e.g. adopted by NTU. has a learning hub to facilitate this
schools (public) of diff. levels (pri, sec, tertiary, uni)
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Problems faced by DCs
- Over-emphasis on exam results, esp. Asia: determines future employment prospects. dichotomy btw knowledge & skills and lack of learning agility & creativity impt in workforce today. e.g. hagwons (cram sch) in S.Korea, where students lock themselves up until past midnight, cramming for exams
- changing future economy: schs/unis must cater for new needs in edu & training. shifting focus onto technical/IT skills & increasing need for opportunities for lifelong learning (so ppl can keep upgrading themselves)
- edu gap persists between rich & poor and stronger & weaker students. may be problems like elitism and defeatist attitudes
e.g. USA: US Commission of Civil Rights released a report (2018): low-income students and students of colour often attend schools with low-quality facilities, inequitable access to teachers, instructional materials, technology etc.
- bullying: e.g. Japan: no. of reported cases of school bullying tripled in 2012 from 2011
Sol.s (DCs)
- promoting lifelong learning & encouraging constant upgrading of one’s skills: SkillsFuture. SGans will be able to find resources with help of SkillsFuture Council, edu and training providers to help them attain mastery of skills regardless of age
- provision of alt courses to engage student interest & ensure a holistic edu: volunteers organise patrol grps that force hagwons to close after a certain time to ensure children have enough rest.
- Japan steps up efforts to detect bullying e.g. students of schools in Sendai are asked to fill out a "worksheet" every month about their daily behaviour, including questions about whether they know of any bullying cases.
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SG: subject based banding for pri schs-> combi of standard & foundation subjects based on strengths + sec sch streaming to be replaced by 2024
Sol.s (LDCs)
- compulsory edu & funding from gov or other countries would allow poor to attend sch e.g. Sri Lanka (free public edu): school enrolment figures evenly spread in all provinces & literacy rates in rural areas are almost as high as in cities (91%)
- using tech to bridge knowledge gap in developing countries
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Problems faced by LDCs
- challenges of keeping poorer children in school e.g. Children Incorporated: children from poorest h/hs 3x less likely to attend school than those from richest h/hs. more likely to have to work or care for family members-> high rate of absenteeism/drop out. cost is also an issue
- edu gap with developed nations is widening