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Environment (Issues (Water Crisis (poor management of water…
Environment
Issues
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Pollution
water
effects: water-borne diseases that threaten human health, alter natural env/habitats which threaten wildlife
caused by agriculture, industrial activities, oil spills, acid rain
air
caused by burning of fossil fuels, motorised vehicles, unethical farming practices
Water Crisis
- poor management of water resources/wastage e.g. inefficient irrigation (60% of water consumption)
- severe drought e.g. Cape Town 2015-2017 droughts of this severity would occur once every 300 years
- increased urbanisation & consumption. pop. growth + water quality in urban areas more degraded by increasing volumes of h/h & industrial waste e.g. Kabul, Afghanistan: 70% of groundwater contaminated. pop. more 2x in past 30 years
- lack of proper wastewater treatment systems e.g. in the Mediterranean region, 70% of wastewater is released back into env. w/o being treated.
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Singapore
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Energy Use
intro of electric cars e.g. BlueSG & Grab's Electric Vehicles. cleaner alt. to petrol cars. EV: not popular in SG due to insufficient charging stations (more practical for landed property) & relatively more expensive, unlike in Norway
waste-to-energy incineration plants. but also plan to increase recycling rates from 59% in 2011 to 70% by 2030
Education
incorporate into curriculum (SS, Sci, Geog) on issues like CC
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participate in projects like Active, Beautiful, Clean (ABC) Water Trail
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Why efforts seem futile
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lack of political will
e.g. Kyoto Protocol. countries high in carbon emissions like China & India did not sign as x want to compromise economic dev. also not legally binding. lack of int'l political co-op. impossible for one gov/country to work on a policy to alleviate a global problem
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Stakeholders
NGOs e.g. WWF, which raises awareness on env issues & aim to protect nature thru conservation
firms could change their prod. methods to ensure pdts are more eco-friendly or encourage more sustainable consumption habits
gov.s have the power to implement laws e.g. UK's ivory ban in 2018, sign int'l agreements e.g. UN CC Conference in Paris 2015, conservation projects e.g. national parks like Yellowstone)
indiv.s can adopt 3R's, green consumption, make small lifestyle changes e.g. not use plastic straws