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The role of education (Marxism (Althusser (Reproduction- The education…
The role of education
Marxism
Althusser
Reproduction- The education system reproduces class inequality by failing each generation of working-class pupils
Legitimation- The education system tries to convince people that inequality is inevitable and failure is the fault of the individual, not the capitalist system
Bowles and Gintis
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The Functionalist idea of meritocracy is a myth; success is based on class background, not ability or educational achievement
Willis (Neo-Marxism)
Pupils can see through the ruling class ideology and resist attempts to indoctrinate it in school. Male working class pupils formed a distinct counterculture that flouted school rules
Functionalism
Durkheim
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The education system helps to create social solidarity by transmitting society's culture from one generation to the next. Schools also act as a 'mini society' preparing us for life in wider society
Parsons
Schools are meritocratic- all pupils have the equal chance to succeed through talent, abilities, irrespective of class, gender, ethnicity etc
Parsons also sees the school as an agent of socialisation, acting as a bridge between the family and wider society
Davis and Moore
Schools perform the function of selecting and allocating pupils to their future work roles by assessing individuals attitudes and abilities, schools help to match them to the job they are best suited to
Feminism
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Radical Feminism
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Gendered roles- Textbooks present traditional gendered roles, e.g. women as housewives
Gendered stereotypes- Textbooks and teachers tend to stereotype males and females, e.g.girls are presented as more caring
The New Right
Schools should be centred around competition and choice, this is mainly done through marketisation. By creating an 'education market', schools are forced to respond to the needs of teachers, parents and pupils
Chubb and Moe
State education has failed to create equal oppurtunity because it doesn't have to respond to pupils needs
Parents and communities can't do anything about failing schools when the schools are controlled by the state
Private schools deliver higher quality education because they are answerable to paying consumers (parents)