Couples

Domestic Division of Labour

Parsons

Expressive role- Women are the homemakers

Instrumental role- Men are the breadwinners

Bott

Segregated conjugal roles- Division of labour, leisure time apart

Joint conjugal roles- Shared domestic roles, leisure time together

Willmott and Young

There are now more symmetrical families as a result of increased joint conjugal roles

Domestic abuse

Dobash and Dobash

Marriage and the nuclear family is the key institution of patriarchy, and the main source of women's oppression

Domestic violence is inevitable because it serves to preserve the power men have over women

Ansley

Domestic violence is the product of capitalism: male workers are exploited at work and take out their frustration on their wives

Wilkinson

Domestic violence is the result of stress on the family caused by social inequality

Are Couples More Equal?

March of Progress

The 'new man' means couples have an equal share of housework and childcare

Dual Burden

Feri and Smith- Women now do paid work and domestic work

Triple shift

Duncombe and Marsden- Dual burden + emotional work

Decision Making

Material Explanation

Cultural Explanation

Men have more power in decision making because they earn more

Gender role socialisation instils the view that men are the primary decision makers