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Teaching Vocabulary to Young Learners (Principals for Teaching Vocabulary,…
Teaching Vocabulary to Young Learners
What is Vocabulary?
Vocabulary is a collection of words that an individual knows.
Background to The Teaching of Vocabulary
Informal Instruction: A non-rule oriented and often a "by the way" approach.
Vocabulary instruction should engage students cognitive skills provide opportunities for the learners to actually use the words.
Formal Instruction: Teaching students the meaning of words and ways to uncover the meaning of words through direct translation.
Principals for Teaching Vocabulary
Context Clues
Students benefit from learning how to use context clues and guessing the meaning from the context.
Exposure to new vocabulary items
Young learners make educational gains when they are exposed to vocabulary items repeatedly in rich contexts. Also, words should reappear many times and in different situations.(Repetition)
Benefits of teaching vocabulary words before a new activity.
Better able to comprehend the activity.
Acquire the target vocabulary words.
Deep processing of vocabulary items.
Deep processing: Working with information at a high cognitive or personal level. Part of deep processing is having learners make connections between new words and prior knowledge.
Emphasize both direct and indirect teaching.
Indirect Instruction: Helping children learn appropriate strategies so they can figure out the meaning of words on their own.
Direct Instruction: Teaching words and their meanings.
Teaching students to use dictionary.
Children who are at the beginning stage of literacy development can use picture dictionaries to help increase their vocabulary knowledge and their use of context clues.
Learners with English-language literacy skills can also dictionaries where words are placed in alphabetical order.
Vocabulary Notebooks
Develop variety of vocabulary acquisition strategies and also help students have more control over their learning.
Classroom Techniques and Activities
What's missing?: Place 12-20 cards on the table, then have your student look at the cards and close their eyes. Remove one card then ask students which card you removed.
Mystery words: Read a sentence aloud but leave a word out and have students guess the mystery word.
Scavenger hunt: Give students a word to find in the book.
Concentration: Concentration games can be made using pictures/words cards.
Categories: Create a set of picture cards/words with different vocabulary items on them.
Vocabulary basket: give each student a word o picture card depending on the literacy skills. Have learners sit in a circle around you and once you show 2 cards, the students with the 2 cards race to change seats. The child left standing will call the next 2 cards.
Word for the day: Select a specific word you will focus on each day.