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iGCSE History Paper 2 (1800s) (Africa (France (Algeria (Invaded in 1830,…
iGCSE History Paper 2 (1800s)
Africa
Nicknamed the
Scramble for Africa
Berlin Conference of 1884-85
divided Africa into 50 countries
France
Algeria
Invaded in 1830
Used to grow grain, cotton, olives and tobacco
Tunisia
Coloniesed in 1881
Chad
Occupied in 1884
Senegal
Occupied in 1637
Belgium
In
1879
he took in
Henry Stanley
to establish roads to boost trade in the
Congo
Leopold was given control of the
Congo
by Britain, France and Germany at the
Berlin Conference
- providing he improved it
King Leopold II did not improve it, he exploited it
Killed the Msiri, the leader of a rebellion
Forced labour to gather rubber
Known for
cutting hands off people
Population declined under his rule from
20 million
to
8 milion
Britain
Used
indirect rule
Lord Luggard
believed the should rule
Nigeria
through co-operation of local rulers
Banned slavery and cruel punishments in Nigeria
Lord Luggard created the African Regiment of British Officers
China
India
Indian Muntiny
Governor Generals
Governor General
of the
East India Company
gained their own private army of Indian soldiers called
Sepoys
Governor of Bombay
Monstuart Elphinstone
called it
"a delicate and dangerous machine, which a little mismanagement may easily turn against us"
Lord Bentinick (1828-35)
Pursued westernization reforming education and legal system
Banned
Suttee
(burning widows at funerals of dead husbands)
Rumored he would destroy the
Taj Mahal
in his pursuit to exploit marble
Lord Dalhousie (1848-56)
Proclaimed the
doctrine of lapse
and controversially took over control the kingdom of
Oudh
Banned
thuggee
Lord Canning (1857-1862)
Rumours amongst 300,000 sepoys that the cartridges of the new rifles were greased with beef and pork fat
Breaks out in
1857