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unit 2 (Zero tolerance policing (Zero tolerance policing in Victorian…

- - - - respect for human rights and fairness in the execution of powers granted by legislation
      - The policing objective is not to ‘lock down’, but to emancipate communities, and community-based policing is based on selfdiscipline
      - community-based policing style
      - 4.avoids the stigmatizing of moral classification and recognizes the importance of psychological, social and economic causes of crime.
- - - - dominant capitalist class&2. oppressive working class
        
        exploit the oppressed workers
      - 2.competition and
        exploitation
        
        the number of capitalists will decrease, and the number of the oppressed workers will increase, large number of oppressed workers and a small number
        of capitalists.
      - Marxists believe that the capitalist ruling class uses ‘the state’ as a tool to
        maintain the established capitalist order
        
        allows the capitalist
        minority to exploit the working class majority
      - 4.This capitalist order is protected by the ideological state apparatus and the repressive state apparatus:
        
        A.ideological state apparatus
        
        comprise institutions that protect the capitalist order by manipulating and promoting values and beliefs that favour the interest of ruling capital class( EG: family, schools, churches.
        
        B.repressive state apparatus
        
        1. institutions use coercive force to maintain the capitalist order. eg: Courts, army, prisons, police force. it maintains the capitalist order and resist social change.
        
        1.2. Maintaining the capitalist ruling class’s order,the so-called ‘public order’ is only an order that favours the ruling capitalist class, and ultimately goes against the interests of the working class.
        
        1.2 Protest policing as a negative term: the police force is helping the capitalist ruling class to suppress the working class by restricted their opportunity and their ability to voice their complaints and appeals
        
        1.3 Resisting social changes : resist these progressive changes