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减少，减小 (drop
强调垂直下降 (4.V-I If something drops onto something else, it…
减少，减小
drop
强调垂直下降
If a level or amount drops or if someone or something drops it, it quickly becomes less. 使迅速下降; 迅速下降• Temperatures can drop to freezing at night. 晚上气温能陡降到零度以下。• His blood pressure had dropped severely. 他的血压严重地迅速下降。2.N-COUNT Drop is also a noun. 迅速下降• He was prepared to take a drop in wages. 他准备好了接受一次工资的快速下调。
3.V-T If you drop something, you accidentally let it fall. 失手掉下• I dropped my glasses and broke them. 我不小心掉了眼镜，把它摔破了。
4.V-I If something drops onto something else, it falls onto that thing. If something drops from somewhere, it falls from that place. 掉• He felt hot tears dropping onto his fingers. 他感到热泪滴在他的手指上。
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5.V-T/V-I If you drop something somewhere or if it drops there, you deliberately let it fall there. 投下• Drop the noodles into the water. 把面条下到水里。• ...television footage of bombs dropping on the city. …多枚炸弹投向该城市的电视片段。6.N-UNCOUNT 下投• ...the dropping of the first atomic bomb. …第一枚原子弹的投掷。
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7.V-T/V-I If a person or a part of their body drops to a lower position, or if they drop a part of their body to a lower position, they move to that position, often in a tired and lifeless way. (人) 瘫下; (身体部位无力地) 垂下• Nancy dropped into a nearby chair. 南希在旁边的椅子上瘫坐了下去。• She let her head drop. 她把头垂了下来。
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8.V-I To drop is used in expressions such as to be about to drop and to dance until you drop to emphasize that you are exhausted and can no longer continue doing something. (由于精疲力竭而) 放弃• She looked about to drop. 她看上去要放弃了。12.V-T If you drop an idea, course of action, or habit, you do not continue with it. 放弃 (想法、行动、习惯等)• He was told to drop the idea. 他被告知放弃这个想法。13.N-UNCOUNT 放弃• This was one of the factors that led to President Suharto's dropping of his previous objections. 这是导致苏哈托总统放弃他先前反对意见的因素之一。
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9.V-T/V-I If your voice drops or if you drop your voice, you speak more quietly. 使 (声音) 变小; (声音) 变小• Her voice will drop to a dismissive whisper. 她的声音将要降低成轻视性的低语。
10.V-T If you drop someone or something somewhere, you take them somewhere and leave them there, usually in a car or other vehicle. 将…送到并放下• He dropped me outside the hotel. 他让我在旅店外下了车。11.PHRASAL VERB Drop off means the same as . 将…送到并放下• Just drop me off at the airport. 把我送到飞机场下车就行。
14.V-T If someone is dropped by a sports team or organization, they are no longer included in that team or employed by that organization. 把…除名; 把…解职• Alexander has been dropped from his multimillion-dollar-a-year job as spokesman for the company. 亚历山大已经被拿掉了年薪数百万的发言人的工作。
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15.V-I If you drop to a lower position in a sports competition, you move to that position. (在比赛中) 名次下降• She has dropped to third in the world ranking. 她已跌至世界排名第三。
16.N-COUNT A drop of a liquid is a very small amount of it shaped like a little ball. In informal English, you can also use drop when you are referring to a very small amount of something such as a drink. 滴; (如酒) 少量• ...a drop of blue ink. …一滴蓝墨水。
17.N-COUNT You use drop to talk about vertical distances. For example, a thirty-foot drop is a distance of thirty feet between the top of a cliff or wall and the bottom of it. 垂直距离• There was a sheer drop just outside my window. 我的窗外就是一个绝对垂直的落差。
19.PHRASE If you drop a hint, you give a hint or say something in a casual way. 露口风• Jerry dropped hints that he and Julie were talking about getting married. 杰里露出口风说他同朱莉已谈婚论嫁了。
20.PHRASE If you want someone to drop the subject, drop it, or let it drop, you want them to stop talking about something, often because you are annoyed that they keep talking about it. 别再讨论某事• Mary Ann wished he would just drop it. 玛丽安希望他不要再谈这事。
reduce人为的
1.[T] to make something smaller or less in size, amount, or price缩小；减少；降低 •The governor announced a new plan to reduce crime. 州长宣布了一项降低犯罪率的新计划。•The helmet law should reduce injuries in motorcycle accidents. 头盔法的实施应该能减少摩托车事故的受伤率。•Small businesses will need to reduce costs in order to survive. 小企业要想生存必须削减成本。reduce sth by sth•The workforce has been reduced by half. 职工人数已减少一半。reduce sth (from sth) to sth•All the shirts were reduced to £10. 所有衬衫都减价至10英镑。•The new bridge should reduce travelling time from 50 minutes to 15 minutes. 这座新桥应该能将行程从50分钟缩减到15分钟。
2.[I,T] if you reduce a liquid, or if it reduces, you boil it so that there is less of it〔煮沸液体以〕（使）浓缩
reduce sb/sth to sthphr vreduce sb to tears/silence etc to make someone cry, be silent etc使某人流泪/沉默等•She was reduced to tears in front of her students. 她在学生面前流下了眼泪。reduce sb to doing sth to make someone do something they would rather not do, especially when it involves behaving or living in a way that is not as good as before迫使某人做某事；使某人沦落到某种地步•Eventually Charlotte was reduced to begging on the streets. 最后夏洛特沦落到沿街乞讨。reduce sth to ashes/rubble/ruins to destroy something, especially a building, completely把某物〔尤指建筑物〕化为灰烬/变成瓦砾/夷为废墟等•A massive earthquake reduced the city to rubble. 一场大地震把这座城市夷为废墟。to change something into a shorter simpler form简化•Many jobs can be reduced to a few simple points. 许多工作都可以概括成简单的几点
eliminate
1.to completely get rid of something that is unnecessary or unwanted消除，根除RELTD ERADICATE THESAURUS REMOVEeliminate a need/possibility/risk/problem etc•The credit card eliminates the need for cash or cheques. 有了信用卡就不需要使用现金或支票了。•There is no solution that will totally eliminate the possibility of theft. 没有办法可以完全杜绝盗窃案的发生。eliminate sth/sb from sth•Fatty foods should be eliminated from the diet. 饮食中应该避免摄入高脂肪食物。
2.[usually passive,一般用被动态] to defeat a team or person in a competition, so that they no longer take part in it〔在比赛中〕淘汰SYN KNOCK OUT •Our team was eliminated in the first round. 我们队第一轮就被淘汰了。
3.to kill someone in order to prevent them from causing trouble消灭，铲除THESAURUS KILL•a ruthless dictator who eliminated all his rivals 铲除所有异己的残酷独裁者4.eliminate sb from your enquiriesif the police eliminate someone from their enquiries, they decide that that person did not commit a particular crime〔警方〕将某人排除在调查对象之外
minimize
If you minimize a risk, problem, or unpleasant situation, you reduce it to the lowest possible level, or prevent it from increasing beyond that level. 减到最低数量; 降到最低程度• Concerned people want to minimize the risk of developing cancer. 忧心忡忡的人们想把患上癌症的风险降到最低。
2.V-T If you minimize something, you make it seem smaller or less significant than it really is. 贬低…的重要性• Some have minimized the importance of ideological factors. 一些人已经贬低了意识形态因素的重要性。
3.V-T If you minimize a window on a computer screen, you make it very small, because you do not want to use it. 使最小化• Click the square icon again to minimize the window. 再次点击正方形图标使那个窗口最小化。
lessen
If something lessens or you lessen it, it becomes smaller in size, amount, degree, or importance. 减少; 降低; 减轻• He is used to a lot of attention from his wife, which will inevitably lessen when the baby is born. 他习惯了妻子无微不至的关心，这种关心在孩子出生以后将不可避免地减少。
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diminish
（比较正式，慢慢消耗）
When something diminishes, or when something diminishes it, it becomes reduced in size, importance, or intensity. 使减少; 变少• The threat of nuclear war has diminished. 核战的威胁变小了。• Federalism is intended to diminish the power of the central state. 联邦制度旨在削弱中央政府的权力。
2.V-T If you diminish someone or something, you talk about them or treat them in a way that makes them appear less important than they really are. 贬低• He never put her down or diminished her. 他从未轻视过她或贬低过她。
attenuate
To attenuate something means to reduce it or weaken it. 使变小; 使减弱• You could never eliminate risk, but preparation and training could attenuate it. 风险不可能完全消除，但可以通过防范和培训来降低。
decrease
比较正式不加宾语
When something decreases or when you decrease it, it becomes less in quantity, size, or intensity. 使降低; 降低• Population growth is decreasing by 1.4% each year. 人口增长每年下降1.4%。• The number of independent firms decreased from 198 to 96. 独立公司的数量从198家减到了96家。• Since 1945 air forces have decreased in size. 1945年以来，空军的规模已经缩小。
2.N-COUNT A decrease in the quantity, size, or intensity of something is a reduction in it. 减少; 降低• In Spain and Portugal there has been a decrease in the number of young people out of work. 在西班牙和葡萄牙，失业青年人数已经有所下降。
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diminution
[,dɪmɪ'njuːʃ(ə)n]
A diminution of something is its reduction in size, importance, or intensity. 减小; 减弱• ...despite a slight diminution in asset value. ...尽管资产价值略有减少。
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