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Curriculum & Syllabus (Grammar - Structural (What is it? A grammatical…
Curriculum & Syllabus
Grammar - Structural
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What do learners learn? They learn grammatical structures in a sequence that reflects their complexity.
What are the benefits? The benefit of a grammar syllabus is that students move from simpler to more complex structures and they may learn the structures more easily.
What are the disadvantages? The disadvantage of this syllabus is that students are often preoccupied with grammar when they are learning communicative activities, which may block natural communicative process.
Examples: A grammar syllabus may consist of the following; Simple Present Tense, Present Continuous Tense, Pronouns, Subject/Object Pronouns, Possessive Adjective etc.
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Situational
What is it? A situational syllabus focuses on the use of English language according to specific situations.
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What are the benefits? It is more motivating than grammatical syllabus because it focuses more on practice. It takes into consideration the learners needs. It also focuses on communicative skills.
What are the disadvantages? Situations can have many variations that students could not know how to face when they occur. It is difficult to consider all the possible situations into a syllabus. Grammar is not a primary focus thus learners may show gaps of grammatical structures.
Examples: Asking for directions, visiting the doctors office, ordering food at a restaurant, checking in at the airport etc.
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Skill based
What do learners learn? The primary objective of skill based is that they learn specific detailed language skills as reading, writing, speaking and listening among others.
What is it? Skill-based syllabus is a collection of particular skills that may play a role in using the language.
What are the benefits? Learners can specify their learning to reach communicative competence. It is also most useful when learners need to master specific types of skills.
What are the disadvantages? It may be harder to sequence material and it may limit general language proficiency.
Examples: Ability to compose written texts (writing skills), the ability to understand spoken and written texts (listening and reading skills), and the ability to speak fluently and coherently (speaking skills).
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Task based
What is it? A task-based syllabus includes a series of purposeful tasks that language learners need to perform.
What do learners learn? Task-based learning is based around the completion of a central task and the language studied is determined by what happens as the students complete it. Tasks are defined as activities that are needed when using the target language.
What are the benefits? Students learn to carry out activities using the target language. Students have a much more varied exposure to language. It is enjoyable and motivating.
What are the disadvantages? The student often learns to perform tasks and language learning is less emphasized.
Examples: Telling time from an analog clock, planning a night out with a friend, planning a road trip, first day of class etc.
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Content Based
What is it? The primary purpose of instruction is to teach a topic or subject matter of the content course or information using the target language.
What do learners learn? Students are focused on learning about something. This could be anything that interests them from a science subject to their favorite pop star or even a news story.
What are the benefits? Students use the language to fulfill a real purpose, they develop a much wider knowledge of the world, they develop valuable study skills and valuable thinking skills.
What are the disadvantages? The content of instruction is not organized around the language teaching meaning that there is almost no teaching of the target language although students will learn the language..
Examples: Discussions about current events, world cultures or even general topics of interest.
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Knowing the syllabus types will help you decide and choose the one that is appropriate with teaching goals, situations and conditions.
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