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Digestive & Urinary System (Digestive enzymes (Saliva (amylase) (from…
Digestive & Urinary System
Major functions of the
digestive and urinary systems
Digestive system
Breaks down food into molecules that can pass through wall of digestive tract and be taken up by cells
Urinary system
Filters blood and removes liquid waste through urine
Major organs of the digestive and urinary systems
Digestive system
Mouth (oral cavity)
contains teeth, salivary glands, tonsils, & tongue
Pharynx
involved in deglutition
Esophagus
passage for food to peristalsis
Stomach
secretes enzymes that help digest food
Small intestines
chemical digestion of fat
Large Intestine
produces vitamins, eliminates indigestible food; causes gas
Anus
eliminates feces
Urinary system
Kidneys
regulate water volume
Ureters
carries urine to urinary bladder
Bladder
stores urine
Urethra
carries urine from bladder to outside
Digestive enzymes
Saliva (amylase)
from starch; forms maltose
Gastric juice (pepsin & hydrochloric acid)
from proteins; forms partly digested proteins
Pancreatic juice
from proteins, fat, starch; forms peptides & amino acids
Intestinal enzymes
from peptides; forms amino acids
Bile
from fat; forms fat droplets
Lipase
digests fat
Trypsin & chymotrypsin
digest proteins
Location of digestion and absorption of each
macromolecule
Amylase
digests starch; in salivary glands
Gastric glands
Chief cells
produce pepsinogen; in gastric glands
Duodenum enzymes
alkaline mucus neutralizes stomach acid; in intestinal glands
Lipase, amylase, trypsin, chymotrypsin
in pancreas
Glygocen
in liver
Layers of the GI tract
Muscularis
Serosa
Submucosa
Mucosa
Nephron anatomy and physiology
functional unit of kidney
renal corpuscle
tubules
urine formation
Disorders of the digestive and urinary systems
Heartburn
acid from stomach backs up into esophagus
Crohn's Disease
inflammation of small intestine
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
sensitive colon
Gallstones
solid material formed in the gallbladder
Kidney stones
mineral and acid crystalize stck in UT