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Digestive/Urinary Systems (Major Organs of each System (Stomach, Liver,…
Digestive/Urinary Systems
Major Organs of each System
Stomach
Liver
Gallbladder
Pancreas
Small Intestine
Large Intestine
Kidneys
Ureters
Urinary Bladder
Urethra
Major Functions of each System
Urinary System
Elimination of waste products
Regulates aspect of homeostasis
Produces the hormones Renin and Erythropoietin
Kidneys
Filters about 200 liters of fluid daily
Ureters
Transport urine from kidney to bladder
Urinary Bladder
Temporary storage for urine
Urethra
Transports urine from bladder to external environment
Digestive System
Stomach
Mixing/holding chamber
Chenical digestion
Forms chime from food
Liver
Responsible for metabolic activities
Helps maintain concentration of blood glucose levels
Stores glycogen, iron, & Vitamins A, D B12
Removes toxic substances
Gall Bladder
Stores excess bile for liver
Concentrates and stores bike produced in liver
Pancreas
Secretes pancreatic juice
Enzymed digest Protease, Trypsin, Lipase, and Amylase
Snall Intestine
Chemical Digestion
Absorption of water and nutrients
Large Intestine
Digestion by bacteria
Absorption of water and salt
Forns, stores, and eliminates feces
Layers of the GI Tract
Mucosa
Mucous Membrane
Produces mucous for protection & reduction of friction
Epithelium
Simple columnar in intestine for absorption/secretion
Lamina Propria
Contains blood & lymphatic vessels(4 nourishment & immunity
Muscularis Mucosae
2 thin layers of smooth muscles
Submucosa
Areopar C.T
Submucosal plexus
Glands and lymphatic tissue
Muscularis or Muscular layer
Smooth muscles allow peristalsis segmentation
Inner circular layer
Out longitudinal layer
Mycentric plexus
Nerves
Serosa
Outer covering of GI tract
Serous membrane
Areolar CT & Simple Squamous Epithelium
Produces serous fluid
Attacged Tract to wall. Forms folds called mesentaries
Disorders of each System
Location of Digestion and Absorption of each macromolecule
Nephron Anatomy and Physiology
Structural and functional units of the kidneys
Glomerulus
Specialized capillary bed ; very porous(2)
Glomerulus
Produces filtrate
Peritubular capillaries
Reclaims most of filtrate
Renal Tubule(4 parts)
Proximal convoluted tubule(PCT)
Glomerular
Loop of Henle
Distal convoluted tubule