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Digestive/ Urinary System (Layers of the GI tract (Submucosa, Muscularis,…
Digestive/ Urinary System
Major Functions of the Digestive/ Urinary Systems
Urinary
stores and eliminates urine
regulate blood volume and blood pressure
control levels of electrolytes and metabolites
regulate blood pH
Digestive
absorption
ingestion
breakdown of food into small molecules
defecation
propulsion
mechanical or physical digestion
Major Organs of the Digestive/ Urinary Systems
Digestive
Esophagus
Stomach
Pharynx
Large Intestine
Salivary Glands
Small Intestine
Rectum
Accessory
Liver
Pancreas
Gallbladder
Urinary
Kidney
Ureters
Bladder
Urethra
Digestive Enzymes
Lipases
Break down fat into three fatty acids plus a glycerol molecule
Amylases
Break down carbs like starch into simple sugars
Proteases
Break down protein into small peptides and amino acids
Location of digestion and absorption of each
macro molecule
small intestine is the site of most chemical digestion and almost all absorption.
Protein digestion occurs in the stomach
Layers of the GI tract
Submucosa
Muscularis
Mucosa
Adventitia
Nephron Anatomy/ Physiology
Anatomy
Tubules
loop of henle
collecting ducts
distal tubule
proximal tubule
Renal Corpuscle
Physiology
regulation of fluid balance
clearance of toxins
maintenance of acid-base balance
regulation of blood pressure
Disorders of the Digestive/ Urinary
Digestive
appendicitis
the appendix becomes inflamed and filled with pus
Barrett's esophagus
Damage to the lower portion of the tube that connects the mouth and stomach (esophagus)
acid reflux
acidic stomach contents go back up into the esophagus
Urinary
Urinary Incontinence
Loss of bladder control, varying from a slight loss of urine after sneezing, coughing, or laughing to complete inability to control urination.
Kidney Stones
are hard deposits made of minerals and salts that form inside your kidneys
Bladder Cancer