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Digestive/ Urinary Concept Map, period 2, Jessie Lopez (Disorders of the…
Digestive/ Urinary Concept Map, period 2, Jessie Lopez
Major functions of the
digestive and urinary systems
removing waste from the body
ingesting, secretion, mixing, and movement, absorption, digestion
Digest food and obtain nutrients
Get rid of extracellular fluids
remove liquid waste, balance of minerals in the blood and production of erythropoietin
Digestive
enzymes (including names and functions
)
Lipases: Break down fat into three fatty acids plus a glycerol molecule
Amylases: Break down carbs like starch into simple sugars
: Proteases: Break down protein into small peptides and amino acid, Carboxypeptidase A, Carboxypeptidase B, Chymotrypsin,Pepsin, and Trypsin
**Location of digestion and absorption of each
macromolecule
Mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectume
Mechanical digestion, chewing, mixing, and peristalsis (movement of food through GI tract)
primary site digestion and absorption, duodenum, jejunum.
digestion begins in mouth and begins
Carbohydrate Absorption
stomach, mixes food with gastric secretions, liquefying food into chyme
Chemical digestion; secretions and enzymes, breakdown of large compounds to small compounds for absorption
Major organs of the digestive and urinary systems
Desgetive system:
Salivary glands.
Pharynx.
Esophagus.
Stomach.
Small Intestine.
Large Intestine.
Rectum.
Urinary system
urethra- urine passes from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body
Prostate- can cut off communication of the bladder to the exterior if it is enlarged
urinary bladder-muscular, hollow organ that temporarily holds the urine
ureters-that receive the urine from the kidneys and carry it to the bladder
kidneys- bean-shaped organs located on each side of the vertebral column
Nephron anatomy and physiology
renal corpuscle can be subdivided into the glomerulus and the bowmans capsule
tubules are split into the proximal tubule, the loop of henle, the distal tubule and the collecting ducts
nephron-the renal corpuscle and the tubules, is this structure which allows the kidney to filter the blood and then alter the composition of this filtrate to ensure that waste products are excreted and useful compounds preserved
Disorders of the digestive and urinary systems
Diverticulitis
GERD (acid reflux) and Crohn's disease
Bowel syndrome
Jaundice
Gastroesophageal reflux disease
Gastroenteritis
Cholera
Bloating
diarrhea
Gas
Stomach pain
Stomach Cramps
Layers of the GI tract (including stomach)**
underneath this is the submucosa followed by the muscularis propria
the outermost layer the adventitia
muscularis mucosa is a thin layer of smooth muscle that supports the mucosa and provides it with the ability to move and fold
innermost layer is the mucosam consist of epithelium and lamina propria