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Digestive/Urinary Concept Map (Digestive Enzymes (Salivary Amylase (Mouth)…
Digestive/Urinary Concept Map
Major Functions
Digestive System
Digestion
The Breakdown of food into molecules. In order to, extract the useful components in the foods
Absorption
The process of in-taking nutrients in the body and using it as a source of fuel to power other organs
Urinary System
Helps the body get rid of liquid waste and keeps the chemical level balanced.
Location and absorption of each macro-molecule
Carbohydrate Absorption
Begins in the mouth and broken down in the stomach
Lipid Absorption
Primarily takes place in the small intestine with the help of bile
Protein Absorption
Begins in the stomach and continues into the small intestine
Vitamin Absorption
Takes place in the small intestine absorbed and stored for later use.
Digestive Enzymes
Salivary Amylase (Mouth)
Begin the initial break down of large pieces of foods
Pepsin (Stomach)
Breaks down protein into polypeptides
Gastric Amylase (Stomach)
cause the hydrolysis of starch into sugars
Hydrochloric Acid (Stomach)
Breaks down food and activates pepsinogen into pepsin
Lipase
Breaks down food into fatty acids and glycerol
Nuclease
Breaks down food into nucleic acid
Trypsin
Breaks down protein into smaller peptides
Organs
Urinary
Ureter
Carry urine from the Kidney to the bladder. Muscles tighten and relax to force urine down
Bladder
Stores urine and the wall expand or relax to accommodate the amount of urine present at the time.
Kidney
Remove liquid waste from the blood in the form of urine. Keeps a stable balance of salts and other compounds in the blood. Consist of nephrons that filter urea from the blood.
Sphincter Muscle
Keep urine from leaking by closing tightly
Urethra
A tube that allows urine to travel outside of the body
Digestive
Mouth
Beginning of the Digestive tract. Chewing breaks food into pieces that are easily digested.
Esophagus
Delivers food to the stomach
Stomach
Contains and secrete enzymes that break down food and holds it
Small Intestine
Breaks down food using enzymes released by the pancreas and liver.Broken down into three different sections: duodenum, jejunum, and ileum
Large Intestine :
Connects the small intestine to the rectum. Responsible for removing water from stool and storing it, ready to be released.
Digestive/Urinary Concept Map
Layers of the GI tract
Muscularis Propria
Move food down the gut by contraction of the smooth muscle
Submucosa
Loose connective tissue layer with blood vessels and nerves
Adventitia
Covered by visceral peritoneum and contains blood vessels and nerves
Mucosa
Provides vascular support for the epithelium
Nephron anatomy and physiology
Anatomy
A long tubule that is folded into a double-walled structure at one end called the Bowman´s Capsule
Glomerulus- are clusters of microscopic blood vessels and capillaries
Renal Pelvis- Collecting tubules
Physiology
structure that produces urine by the removal of waste in the blood
Fluid filters out of the blood in the glomerulus through the nephron tubule.
Disorders
Leaky Gut
A disorder where undigested food, with bacteria and toxins, gets through the intestines and cause inflammation
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Affects the lower esophageal sphincter and causes acid indigestion and heartburn
Gallstones
Hardened deposits of digestive fluids that form in the gall bladder
Kidney Stones
Hard deposits of minerals and acid salts that form in the kidneys
Kidney Failure
Kidneys have stopped working well enough and the person is literally swimming in theit own waste