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Digestive/Urinary system Cierra Aanerud P.1 (DISORDERS OF THE DIGESTIVE…
Digestive/Urinary system Cierra Aanerud P.1
MAJOR FUNCTIONS OF THE DIGESTIVE AND URINARY SYSTEMS
the digestive system's purpose is to break down food taken in into nutrient molecules, which absorbs into the bloodstream and then get rid of the indigestible remains.
Urinary System
kidneys filter fluids from our bloodstream each day like toxins, metabolic wastes, and excess ions by allowing them to leave the body in urine
MAJOR ORGANS OF THE DIGESTIVE AND URINARY SYSTEMS
Digestive System Organs
accessory organs
tongue
liver
pancreas
gallbladder
alimentary canal organs
pharynx
stomach
esophagus
small intestine
large intestine
anus
Urinary System Organs
esophagus
kidneys
ureter
urinary bladder
urethra
renal artery, hilum, and vein
DIGESTIVE ENZYMES
LOCATION OF DIGESTION AND ABSORPTION OF EACH MACROMOLECULE
LAYERS OF THE GI TRACT
Submucosa
areolar connective tissue containing a rich supply of blood and lymphatic vessels, lymphoid follicles, and nerve fibers that supply the surrounding tissues of the GI tract wall
Muscularis Externa
responsible for segmentation and peristalsis. It typically has an inner circular layer and an outer longitudinal layer of smooth muscle cells, the circular layer thickens, forming sphincters that act as valves to control food passage from one organ to the next and prevent backflow.
Mucosa
The innermost layer that lines the alimentary canal lumen from mouth to anus it secretes mucus, absorbs the end products of digestion into the blood, protect against infectious disease
Serosa
outermost layer is the visceral peritoneum
NEPHRON ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
Each kidney contains about 1 million nephrons acting in parallel to make urine
nephron creates a cell- and protein-free filtrate from blood then it recovers chemicals the body needs while also secreting into that filtrate selected chemicals that the body needs to get rid of
DISORDERS OF THE DIGESTIVE
Bulimia
episodes of bingeing and purging
Enteritis
inflammation of the intestine
Bruxism
grinding or clenching of teeth during sleep
Hemochromatosis
disorder in iron due to excessive iron intake
Dysphagia
difficulty swallowing due to obstructed esophagus
Ileus
condition where GI tract movement stops and the gut appears to be paralyzed
Ascites
Abnormal accumulation of fluid within the peritoneal cavity
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)
inflammation of the intestinal wall
Achalasia
condition where swallowing is hindered or prevented
Mumps
inflammation of the parotid glands caused by the mumps virus
Pancreatitis
inflammation of the pancreas
DISORDERS OF THE URINARY SYSTEM
Diabetes insipidus
due to lack of ADH receptors in the collecting duct
Glomerulonephritis (GN)
Inflammation of the glomeruli
Cystocele
Herniation of the urinary bladder into the vagina
Inflammation of the glomeruli
inability to control urination at night during sleep
Bladder cancer
Blood in the urine is a common warning sign.