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Science Revision (TERM 2) (Chapter 5.1 - Atoms and elements make up matter…
Science Revision (TERM 2)
Chapter 5.1 - Atoms and elements make up matter
The periodic table organised the elements according to their chemical and physical properties.
an element is a pure substance that is made of only one type of atom.
an atom is the smallest non living particle that can ever be. Nothing can smaller than an atom.
the samllest atom in terms of mass is the hydrogen atom.
monatomic; each particle has a single atom. mono=one
diatomic; the atoms of the element join together in pairs. di=two
elements are broken into two main types; metals and non metals.
atoms are far too tiny to be observed and to be measured.
horrizental ROWS in the periodic table are known as periods
verticle COLOUMNS are known as groups.
18 groups on the periodic table
seven periods on the periodic table.
Chapter 5.2 Atoms bond together to make molecules and compounds
molecules a group of two or more atoms bonded together.
they can be same element or different
when the atoms are different, the substance can be called a compound.
compounds are chemically bonded whereas mixtures aren't.
NOT DONE NOTES
Chapter 5.3 Physical change is a change in shape or appearance
lattice; a three dimensional arrangement of particles in a regular pattern is called lattice.
volatile; substance that easily become a gas; petrol.
smelly fumes equals vapors.
Chapter 5.4 Chemical change produces new substances
SIGHNS OF A CHEMICAL CHANGE
Change of colour
formation of bubbles
formation of gas
change in taste
change in smell
Chapter 5.5 Chemical reactions can break bonds and re-form new bonds
the substances that u start with are called reactants
the end result is called a product
in an equtsion, an arrow repersents a chemical change
Chapter 5.6 heat can speed up a reaction
factors that cam speed up a reaction
heat
concentration
collision theory
the theory is; more collision between partices sparks a faster reaction.
catalysts
substances that speed up the rate of a reaction without becoming used up are known as catalysts.
enzymes
type of catalysts that help fasten up processes in living things like the ripening of fruit and digesting in the human body.