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Color Grading (a Feature Film) (Grading the Film (Primary controls (Log…
Color Grading (a Feature Film)
Before the Film
Recording Conditions
the way the footage is shot has effects on the quality: bad things are over- and underexposure, digital noise, lens flare and out of focus shots
Recording Format
Compression: reduces storage space and transmission bandwidth drain for data
Chroma subsampling: spliting video signal to luma (lightness) and chroma (color) channels (4:4:4, 4:2:2, 4:2:0)
Bit depth: pictures's fidelity (the number of values between the black point and the white point)
Linear or logarithmic encoding: log-encoding "weigh" more values to the more critical midtones
Resolution: affects the overall sharpness of the video
Preparing for the Film
Grading environment
The environment of the grading suite has an impact on how the eye perceives the picture
Surround lightning should adhere to certain standards: luminance, color temperature,color accuracy and illumination
Grading hardware
Hardware configuration has impact on the performance
Interfaces are used for video ingest and playback
Monitor should be able to reproduce the exact gamut and gamma of the final delivery format
Grading the Film
Primary controls
Log wheels has shadow, midtone and highlight -tools
RGB mixer mixis image data from one RGB channel to another
Color balance wheels manipulate picture's tonality with lift, gamma and gain -tools
Curves is mathematical graph that represents the entire tonal range of a picture. Usually you have hue, luma and saturation curves.
With primary controls for image detail you can control picture detail like blur, sharpening, noise reduction and motion blur
Scopes
For image contrast use histogram and waveform
For color evaluation use vectorscope, RGB parade scope and RGB histogram
Secondary controls
Secondary controls are used to adjust a specific area within the picture with exampe qualification method or keyframing
Nodal worklow
Nodal workflow are for complicated grades. The Nodal workflow is based on individual correction nodes that are combined together
Camera raw
Professional color grading software have a specialised control palette for cameras recording in the raw format
Lookup tables
Luts are mathematical tables that can be considered as saved image processing operations. Lut maps a new RGB alue to each RGB value that is put in