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Relations of the Crusader states (The Latin West (Support from West (When…
Relations of the Crusader states
The Muslim near east
Relations were pragmatic despite religious differences
1114: Roger of Antioch formed coalition against Sultan of Baghdad
Muslims didn't want Baghdad's influence interferin w/ their lands
Victorious at Battle of Sarmin and Antioch = 4 years of relative peace
Count Baldwin of Edessa captured at Harran, Tancred took over Edessa
Both called on Muslim neighbours for Military support
Baldwin released = violence
The Latin West
Support from West
When Baldwin II needed husband for daughter, Melisende, married her to Fulk of Anjou
Bohemond's return to Europe
returned a hero + married King of France's daughter
response for victory in the East was elation + there was a crusade in 1101 and 1110
East very attractive at that moment
Good relations
The Byzantine Empire
Alexios dies in 1118 + son John took over
1142: tries to push Raymond from Antioch
Turned up outside the walls of Antioch demanding to be let in w/ his troops
John was going to attack the next year but died
Raymond stalled (said nobles had voted against it) + John withdrew to Cicilia b/c campaigning season was over
Breaks promise of good behaviour from Joscelin by taking hostages
Byzantium, Edessa and Antioch launched attack on Muslim lands in Syria
Rumours that Raymond and Joscelin didn't help John much
couldn't capture Aleppo for Raymond of Antioch
Had some success
got large army + retook lands in Cilicia and Armenia
Raymond of Antioch submitted + swore allegiance to John
Raymond of Tripoli and Joscelin of Edessa also vassals of emperor
All crusader states except Jerusalem acknowledged John = height of power in Byzantium over Franks
Raymond to hold Antioch for emperor until equivalent land for him could be found (wanted Aleppo)
1137: went to Antioch with siege engines
Bohemond
Bohemond sent letter to Pope after Adhemar's death + mentioned that Byzantium had stopped helping + was trying to harm progress of crusaders
gross exagerration
Lots of argument between the two afterwards
After being captured - went to Europe to seek support for Crusade against Byzantium
Attacked Durazzo + failed
Bohemond agreed to peace treaty of Devol (Tancred didn't + relations didn't improve)
triumph for Byzantium
unclear amount of support he got
refused to hand Antioch over to Alexios
Alexios started providing crusaders w/ military help but this stopped at Antioch
Soured relations w/ Crusaders
First crusaders frightened Alexios by sheer numbers
The indigenous peoples
Knew that they needed settle population + Muslims could easily beat them e.g. Il-Ghazi at Field of Blood
Frankish nobility kept good control of coasts + trade routes to protect Muslim traders
those lived under Christian rule had to pay tax (less burdensome than jizya from Muslims) - muslims treated well
Muslims fled after Jerusalem was taken but returned to repopulate city