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Computer Science (Network Protocols (Packet Switching (3) The way the data…
Computer Science
Network Protocols
MAC Addresses
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Mainly used by the Ethernet protocol or LAN's - LAN switches read the MAC addresses and use them to to direct data to the right device.
IP Addresses
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Static
Used to connect printers on a LAN, and for hosting websites on the Internet
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Either 32 or 128 bit binary number. 128 bit numbers are converted into hexadecimal and 32 bit numbers are converted into denary
Packet Switching
3) The way the data is sent changes depending on network traffic so the packets can take different routes. If a router receives too many packets at once, it may prioritise some over others.
2) Each router reads the packet header and decides which way to send the packet next, according to the IP rules
1) The sending device splits the data into packets to be sent across the network. Each packet is given a packet number to show the order of the data
4) As the packets take different routes, they can arrive in the wrong order. The receiving device uses the packet numbers to reassemble them in the right order
5) Sometimes packets go missing in transit, so the receiving device checks periodically that all packets have been received. If it hasn't received them within a certain time, it sends a timeout message back to the sending device
6) If all the data is received and the checksums match, a receipt confirmation is sent to the sending device
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Compression
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Lossy
Pros
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Commonly used, lots of software can read this file
Cons
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Worse quality than the original, but is unnoticeable
Loses data, file can't be turned back to original
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