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EOT Humanities Revision Year 9 (Holocaust :warning: (Legislation. (1933…

- - - - They are large ares of land defined by the abiotic factors and wildlife.
      - Fauna are animals. Flora are plants.
      - South Asia's Biomes consist of:
        
        Grasslands and Savannas.
        
        Himalayan Broadleaf and Coniferous Forests.
        
        Tropical Dry Broadleaf Forests.
        
        Tropical Broadleaf Moist Deciduous Forests.
        
        Tropical and Subtropical Moist Broadleaf Forests.
    - - Climate is the weather conditions prevailing in an area in general or over a long period.
  - - - Pyramid Sturctures
      - Barrel Structures
    - - Living sustainably means balancing our consumption, our technology choices and our population numbers in order to live within the resource boundaries of the planet.
      - One child rule introduced in 1979.
  - - - Neocolonialism is taking control of other countries through things like the economy, the culture or the politics.
      - Whilst many applaud China's involvement with Nigeria, some see it as no more than exploitation. With Nigeria increasing the oil supply by 180,000 barrels just to relieve their debt to China, it's hard to imagine that they have a good relationship.
      - Despite China importing their own workers to factories in Nigeria, leaving the people there unemployed, 37 Nigerians still died in a factory fire in 2008 after being locked in to work.
    - - It is the law around the world that caostline countries also own anything that is within 200 miles of the coast. These areas are called EEZs.
      - Many countries are unsure as to where these boundaries end, and some borders even cut into one another, causing conflict.
- - - - In April-May 1943, Jews in the Warsaw ghetto rose in armed revolt after rumours that the Germans would deport the remaining ghetto inhabitants to the Treblinka killing centre.
      - Jewish groups attacked German tanks with Molotov cocktails, hand grenades, and a handful of small arms. Although the Germans, shocked by the ferocity of resistance, were able to end the major fighting within a few days, it took the vastly superior German forces nearly a month before they were able to completely pacify the ghetto and deport virtually all of the remaining inhabitants.
    - - Jewish prisoners rose against their guards at three killing centres. At Treblinka in August 1943 and Sobibor in October 1943, prisoners armed with stolen weapons attacked the SS staff and the Trawniki-trained auxiliary guards.
      - The Germans and their auxiliaries killed most of the rebels, either during the uprising or later, after hunting down those who escaped.
    - - Jewish authorities in Palestine sent clandestine parachutists such as Hannah Szenes into Hungary and Slovakia in 1944 to give whatever help they could to Jews in hiding.
      - In France, various elements of the Jewish underground consolidated to form different resistance groups, including the Armée Juive (Jewish Army) which operated in the south of France.
  - - - In April 1933, the Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service law was passed and established the ability of the Nazi Party to legally remove undesirables from the civil service profession, including doctors, teachers and lawyers
      - Many local governments also did not allow for the Jews to slaughter animals. In turn, this prevented the Jews from obeying Jewish dietary laws
      - Another law passed forbade any Jews from taking the bar exam which was necessary to become a lawyer.
      - Patients who saw a "non-Aryan" doctor would not be covered under the national health insurance, thus excluding Jewish doctors from German society
      - The Nazis limited the number of Jewish students enrolled in German schools to 1.5% of the total enrolment.
      - What followed was the Denaturalisation Law passed on July 14. As a result of this law, the Reich government could take away the citizenship of those who were deemed "undesirable", applying to anyone who had been given citizenship by the Wiemar government.
      - Only Germans could now be farmers.
    - - The Nazi leaders announced a set of three new laws to further regulate and exclude Jews from German Society.
      - Jews were excluded from any and all citizenship rights.
      - Marriage and any relations between Jews and German citizens were forbidden.
      - Jews were also forbidden to raise the German Flag
      - Jews were defined as anyone who had at least three full Jewish grandparents, had two Jewish grandparents and were married to a Jewish spouse, belonged to the Jewish religion at the time of the law's publication, or who entered the Jewish religion later.
      - Jewish professors, teachers, physicians, lawyers, and notaries who were state employees, and had previously been exempt, would now be dismissed from their positions.
    - - In order to prevent foreign criticism of Germany, and keep the 1936 Olympics in Berlin, and to prevent economic loss and a blow to German prestige, Hitler eased the anti-Jewish stance momentarily
      - On December 3, all anti-Jewish signs near the site of the winter Olympics were to be removed. Though, normally, this would be considered a sign of good faith, it was, in actuality, only an action taken to ensure the Olympics would be held in Germany by preventing international disapproval.On December 3, all anti-Jewish signs near the site of the winter Olympics were to be removed. Though, normally, this would be considered a sign of good faith, it was, in actuality, only an action taken to ensure the Olympics would be held in Germany by preventing international disapproval.
    - - De-certification of all Jewish physicians, who were no longer allowed to treat German patients
      - Jews were forbidden from owning private gardens
      - Jews were forbidden from attending movie theatres, the opera, and concerts.
      - Jewish children barred from attending public school.
    - - The essential robbery of Jews became legal when Jews were forced on February 21, 1939, to turn in all jewellery of any value.
      - The president of the German Lottery outlawed the sale of lottery tickets to Jews.
  - - - Hitler and the Nazis considered Jews to be an inferior race of people
      - Jews were thought of as greedy and manipulative, and the downfall of the German people.
    - - The "Pure Race" are known as Aryans.
      - The ideology of Nazism was based upon the conception of the ancient Aryan race being a superior race, holding the highest position in the racial hierarchy and that the Germanic peoples were the most racially pure existing peoples of Aryan stock.
      - Aryans have blonde hair, blue eyes, and fair skin.
- - - - War is a necessary evil to sort out conflict in many different countries. It has happened in the past, and will happen in the future.
    - - We should always find a way to resolve things peacefully. Fighting fire with fire never works, and always leads to more violence.
  - - - What is the victim has been raped?
        
        The experience would be traumatic and maybe the woman would neglect the child.
      - What if the woman in question is a child?
        
        It would be nearly impossible for her to carry it to term, and would be traumatising.
      - What about second-thoughts?
        
        Women might be having second thoughts, maybe the man in question has shown his true colours, or the women is not ready to become a mother.
      - What about families that can't afford it?
        
        Many families could not cope with the expenses of having another child.
    - - What about a heartbeat?
        
        That is a life, you cannot take away or kill that life without it's consent.
      - What about the effect on the mother?
        
        The process of having an abortion is extremely difficult on the mother, and could have adverse effects on her health.
      - What about the concept of murder?
        
        Taking away life is murder.
  - - - It's how humans have evolved.
        
        It's been this way for centuries, why should we change it now? Without the killing of animals, we would not have survived for as long as we have.
      - Natural world.
        
        We don't have a problem when lions kill their prey, so why should we not kill animals to survive?
      - Food-chain.
        
        We, theoretically, are at the top of the food chain. We are the dominant species in many different settings, and it's how it is. If it were the either way round, and tigers had the upper hand, there would be no empathy or hesitation.
    - - Animals are helpless.
        
        They have no way to defend themselves. Many animals are bred into farms or slaughterhouses, only alive to die for human consumption.
      - The ways they are killed are inhumane.
        
        Baby animals are taken away from their parents to grow up just to die. They are electrocuted and tortured. The cramped conditions make survival almost impossible, with their lives barely being lives. Chickens are hung upside down with their necks slit to let the blood drain.
- - - - Archduke Franz Ferdinand is assassinated in Sarajevo. His death is the event that sparks World War I.
    - - Russia mobilises its vast army to intervene against Austria-Hungary in favour of its ally, Serbia. This move starts a chain reaction that leads to the mobilisation of the rest of the European Great Powers, and inevitably to the outbreak of hostilities.
    - - Germany invades Belgium, beginning World War I.
    - - The Germans fire shells filled with chlorine gas at Allied lines. This is the first time that large amounts of gas are used in battle.
    - - A German submarine sinks the passenger liner Lusitania. The ship carries 1,198 people, 128 of them Americans.
    - - Kaiser Wilhelm suspends unrestricted submarine warfare. This is an attempt to keep the United States out of the war.
    - - The British employ the first tanks ever used in battle, at Delville Wood.
    - - Germany resumes unrestricted submarine warfare in European waterways. This act, more than any other, draws the United States into the war and causes the eventual defeat of Germany.
    - - British intelligence gives Wilson the so-called Zimmermann Telegram, a message from German foreign secretary Arthur Zimmermann proposing that Mexico side with Germany in case of war between Germany and the United States. In return, Germany promises to return to Mexico the "lost provinces" of Texas and much of the rest of the American Southwest. Mexico declines the offer, but the outrage at this interference in the Western Hemisphere pushes American public opinion to support entering the war.
    - - President Wilson outlines his case for war to Congress.
    - - Congress authorises a declaration of war against Germany. The United States enters World War I on the side of France and Britain.
    - - The Germans sign a peace treaty with the new Bolshevik government of Russia.
    - - Kaiser Wilhelm abdicates, ending all German hope for a victory.
      - An Armistice is signed ending fighting on the Western Front.
  - - - Before 1914 Europe's main powers were divided into two armed camps by a series of alliances. These were the Triple Alliance of Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy (1882) & the Triple Entente of Britain, Russia and France (1907)
      - Alliances meant that if one country was involved, many more would become a part of the conflict.
        
        Germany and France over Alsace. This division made an alliance between both countries impossible.
        
        Russia and Austria over the Balkans.
        
        Britain and Germany over their navies and economic power.
        
        The main rivalries between the powers were:
      - Because of the nature of the Alliances most countries had war plans that involved rapid movement of troops when war broke out. This made it very difficult to stop mobilisation of troops once it had begun and gave the military in each country a very important role in any decision-making.
    - - Many European nations had empires in the years leading up to World War I. The British Empire was the largest by far. It spanned approximately one-quarter of the globe at its height.
      - This period saw European powers scramble to acquire new colonial territories, most of which were in Africa. The European countries involved in Africa were Britain, France and Germany.
      - Imperialism can be defined as a system where a powerful nation or state takes control of territories outside its own borders. These territories are claimed and governed as colonies.
      - As a result, the scramble ignited and/or fuelled rivalries, which lead to a number of diplomatic incidents.
    - - The armies of both France and Germany had more than doubled between 1870 and 1914. The rivalry between the powers led to a building up of weapons and an increase in distrust.
      - Colonial rivalry had led to a naval arms race between Britain and Germany. This had seriously worsened relations between both countries. The British-German dispute also led to greater naval co-operation between Britain and France.
    - - Weltpolitik or the desire for world power status was very popular in Germany. The French desire for revenge over Alsace and Lorraine was very strong. In Britain Imperialism and support for the Empire was very evident. This nationalism meant that there was little resistance to war in these countries. Many welcomed what they thought would be a short, victorious war