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Social Action Theories (INTERACTIONISM (argue not only that people…
Social Action Theories
INTERACTIONISM
argue not only that people interpret the social world around them but also that how they do so is influenced from how they interact with other people
individuals use symbols such as words and gestures to communicate meaning and then reaction to other peoples actions in terms of how this is interpreted
norms, values and identities are not handed down to individuals through socialisation, but are constantly redefined and renegotiated by individuals and their interactions with others
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the self is our unique identity based on how we see ourselves - our self is influenced by how we interact with others
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labelling someone as criminal = may mean that everyone treats them as a criminal even though there may be positive aspects to their 'self'
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POSTMODERNISM
start from the assumption that the era of modernity started to come to an end - now moving to social world described as postmodernity
modernity was the kind of society which emerged with Industrial Revolution - move from religious and traditional way of thinking to scientific and rational thinking
knowledge production = computers, DC and mass media are much more significant
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believe we should focus on small parts of the social world and try to understand them from a variety of viewpoints
peoples identity defined by personal choice and individualism rather than by their place in social structures such as gender and class
challenge func and marx = structures such as nuclear families, traditional gender roles etc are breaking down and fragmenting = freedom of choice
- consensus + conflict = structural theories
- structural theories = macro
- social action theories = micro
- referred to as interpretivist theories - concerned who how individuals INTERPRET the social world around them