How far do you agree that the Soviet economy was transformed in the years
1928-1953?

It was transformed, however it was still labour intensive, inefficient + produced lower quality goods

It was

It wasn't

transformed into an industrialised, collectivised state

from what? a virtually peasant society with limited industry

Prev. NEP

Industry

FYPs, first 3, focus on heavy industry. successful

Magnitogorsk

went from double digits to the hundred thousands in population

Public works: the Dnieper dam, hydroelectric. Inc. in electricity

During 2nd FYP, electricity x10, coal + steel x5

Emphasis on heavy industry--- Four in Five

Agriculture

Collectivisation

Mechanisation

Failed to change aspects of old economy such as low labour productivity + inefficiency

extremely successful, able to enter into war in 1941 and win. 3rd FYP focus on military

private farms produce around 100 kg per hectare more than collectives

by 1950, economy was the fastest growing in the world + 90% of economic investment= devoted to developing heavy industry

Consumer goods remained scarce + light industry had less than 12% of investment in light industry in later years of Stalin's rule

1949, 1st Atomic Bomb

Economic growth did not lead to a better standard of living for most citizens

75,000 tractors provided + had limited effect

Ownership taken over by state. Unpopular, but a transformation from previous private ownership.

Grain prod went down but procurements doubled + exports rose