"Deformed" and hence struggled in birth - Cook heavy focus on pelvis studies

Queen sisters - male gendered, picked husbands + paid brideprice

Queen Mother in Mutesa's time refused to wear imported cloth - reduce influence of Europeans - Hanson

Musisi - seen as way for Buganda to progress toward modernity

Less sub-servient than initially thought - R Stephens - some women had control over who they married, women w supportive family had more freedom in role in marriage/divorce

V diverse and varied across class and region - not homogeneous experience

Doyle - women excluded from power due to attempts to homogenise Ganda identity and quash dissident voices and identities

Women banned from migrating to areas of specialised cotton production - Beattie believed was to prevent tem from being able to repay bride wealth and escape

women found travelling without a pass could be fined or imprisoned - Beattie

Many Nyoro women were forced to take on an increaesd productive load in colonial period but didnt get any benefits or money

high levels of divorce - educated n christian women expect more - might leave if husband marries 2nd wife - Doyle

Local parish council in Bunyoro recommends that pregnant women should marry the father and divorced women should re-marry - Beattie

Could improve status in pre-colonial era, esp if senior wife/mothered heir to the family - mostly only attainable for wealthier women w strong support from kin

Men had to travel to fulfil labour obligations - away for months at a time, had to take care of entire homestead and meet demand for food if labourers were staying in area

Penalised women who had a lot of sex even if they didn't do it in exchange for money or good - moral coding

Penalised men whose houses it took place in if they knew - expectation they would regulate/control for the state

Banned young women from being away from their parent's house at night - wide-reaching

Drink it to increase energy to be able to cook and clean for husband

Demonstrates social control that works in tandem with legislation

Musisi - women change their names and name their children to reflect their unhappiness in marriage - popular among Christian women - more educated, expected more

Women known to be prostitutes (loose definition) and w reason (what reason) to be suspected of having disease undergo compulsory examiniations - coercive, invasive

Marriage laws get v messy in colonial period - colonial, christian, islam and traditional marriages

but focus on domesticity/their role - demonstrates what their role was thought of as

Had a role in saving population - maternity training schools - centrality never denied - Musisi

Stephens - biological motherhood way to improve status in Buganda

Tends to be v focused on negative aspects of colonial rule