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Enzymes (Factors affecting enzymes (PH (Shape or property of substrate…
Enzymes
Factors affecting enzymes
Substrate Concentration
The amount of substrate that can be turned into product
PH
Shape of Enzymes
Shape or property of substrate
cannot undergo catalyst
Cannot bind to active site
Temperature
as temp. increases, reactions rate increases to a point, then abruptly decreases
if temperature is too high, enzyme will denature
Chemical Composition
Order
Amino Acid > Polypeptide > Polypeptide
chains > Enzyme
Organic molecules in:
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Hydrogen
Carbon
Models
Lock and key
Induced fit
Cofactors and coenzymes
Optimum ranges of each enzyme
PH
pepsin
1.5 - 2 PH
Catalase in yeast
animal: 7-11 PH
Human: 7 PH
glucase in yeast
5.5 PH
Temperature
Glucase in yeast
40 degrees
Pepsin
37 Degrees
Catalase in Yeast
37 degrees
Role of enzymes
catalysts
Accelerate the chemical reactions
Metabolisms
if there are no enzymes the reaction would be slow
All reactions are either:
Catabolic
make chemicals react together
Anabolic
Break chemicals apart
reactions of the subtrates
reactants
substrate
shape of active shape
they have a lower activation energy
binds and holds the substrate together
this increases the likeliness of a reaction
can be reused as they are unchanged after