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geography (natural disasters (cyclones (Are intense spinning storms with…
geography
natural disasters
cyclones
Are intense spinning storms with low pressure centres. They are formed over warm oceans where the cyclone gathers its energy.
lightning
Is a giant spark of electricity in the atmosphere between clouds. They are caused by imbalances between storm clouds and the ground.
earthquake
A sudden shaking in the earths surface. They are caused by the tectonic plates colliding which also cause orogeny
wildfires
Fires caused by natural or human activities. Normally caused by either, lightning or rising temperatures
flood
A large amount of water beyond its normal limits. they are normally formed when water inundates land that's normally dry
avalanches
Are masses of snow, ice or rocks that fall rapidly down a mountainside. Avalanches are sudden and there are normally now warning signs.
tsunamis
Is a series of ocean waves that send surges of water onto land very vigorously. They are caused by a large undersea earthquake at tectonic plate boundaries
tonadoes
Are a vertical funnel of rapid spinning air. They normally come from supercells and large thunderstorm that have winds already rotating
volcanoes
Are giant mountains made of molten rock with hot ash and lava in it. They are formed by tectonic plates that continually shift and bumping into one another.
Natural disasters are extreme, sudden events caused by environmental factors that injure people and damage property.
landslides
Are quite common in mountain landscapes. They are a large scale of movement of soil, mud, rocks or snow carried downhill
mapping
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choropleth maps
use different shades of the same colour to give a quick impression of the pattern formed by data being showed.
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direction
the four main cardinal points are north, east, south and west
must always be shown on maps because it enables the user to work out the location of features shown.
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landscapes and landforms
landscapes: are a part of the earths surface. e.g. mountains, coastal, riverine, karts, arid and human landscapes.
landforms: is a natural geographic feature or shape that appears on the earths surface. e.g. large landforms: mountains, plains and rivers.
small landforms: hills and billabongs.
natural & human landscapes: natural landscapes are mainly unaffected by human activities, typically naturally made, like mountains and deserts.
human landscapes are created by humans like cities and farms.
types of landscapes
mountains: formed by tectonic plates on the earths surface which push against each other. mountains rise high above their surroundings.
coastal: where the land meets the sea. they are shaped by the natural forces of the wind and waves. some include beaches, dunes, bays etc.
riverine: formed by natural movement of a water system such as a river. this landscapes also includes ecosystems. riverine landscapes are excellent for agricultural uses like farming.
deserts: is defined as an area of land which receives no more than 250 millimetres of rain per year.
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karsts: is formed when easily dissolvable bedrock is worn away by slightly acidic water. these flows of water form unique feature like caves, stalactites, springs and sinkhole, they are extremely unstable areas of land.
human: are created by people. it provides evidence of human settlement and occupation of an environment. human landscapes include roads, building, transport, energy, sewerage and telecommunication
longitude and latitude
Maps that show large parts of the earth use gridlines called longitude and latitude to help locate places accurately
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latitude: lines that run from east to west (left to right) also known as parallel. The line of latitude midway between the north pole and the south pole is known as the equator.
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Equator: a line dividing the earth into southern and Northern hemisphere which is located at 0 degrees
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