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Essay Question - Cognitive Development (Stage 2: Preoperational Thought (•…
Essay Question - Cognitive Development
Stage 2: Preoperational Thought
• The self and theory of mind are evident.
• Children form ideas from their direct experiences in life.
• Beginning of internalised thought processes.
• Single experiences are over-generalised.
• Emergence of language & symbolic thought.
• Through experience, new information is accommodated and equilibrium restored.
• 2-7yrs, 2 sub-stages
Sub-stages of Pre-operational Thought
a) Symbolic Function Sub-stage: (2-4yrs)
•Mentally representing objects not present.
•Children begin to use drawings to represent objects and can engage in pretend play.
b) Intuitive Thought Sub-stage: (4-7yrs)
•Intuitive: children are sure of what they know but not how they know.
•Emergence of theory of mind.
•Centration is the focusing of attention on just one characteristic.
Stage 3: Concrete operational stage
• Thought processes become more flexible, competent and logical.
• Child is less egocentric.
• 7-11 yrs
• Conservation and classification skills.
Stage 4: Formal Operational Stage
• Early stage: idealistic thinking.
• Later stage: Thinking can be abstract and
hypothetical but tempered with experience.
• 11-15 years