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First aid (basic principals (observe any dangers (is it is not safe to…

- - - - not breathing
      - no pulse
      - pain in chest
      - vomiting
      - head/ neck injury
      - open chest wound
      - shock
- - - - swallowing, inhaling, injecting, contacting with skin
  - - - tickling throat, making them drink warm salt water.
  - - - use tweezers to slowly pull out the tick from the skin
    - - was wound and immobilize the area
- - - - hypersensitivity or allergic reaction to a substance
      - food
      - medication
      - insect bite
    - - damage to the heart muscles from heart attack or cardiac arrect
    - - severe bleeding, loss of blood plasma
    - - loss of fluid from severe vomiting, diarrhea, or heat illness, disruption of the acid base balance as occurs in DM
    - - injury, or trauma to brain or spinal cord
    - - trauma to respiratory tract or respiratory arrest
    - - acute infection like toxic shock syndrome
  - - - cold to the touch and nail beds, and mucus membranes around the mouthand nose
    - - excessive respiration
      - Wet, clammy, feeling to skin
  - - - usually lying flat on back
      - if victim is vomiting or has bleeding from the mouth, the victim should be placed on their side.
- - - - superficial/ less severe
      - top layer of skin
      - 5 days to heal
      - common exposure
        
        sun burn, steam, weak acid
    - - partial thickness/ dermis and epidermis
      - a blister form , swelling occurs, and is painful
      - takes 3-4 weeks to heal
      - common exposure
        
        excessive exposure to the sun
        
        artificial radiation, hot/boiling liquids
  - - - flames, electricity, submersion in boiling liquids.
  - - - large amounts of water, and wash for 15-30 minutes.
      - gently remove any clothing
    - - flush with lots of water for 15-30 minutes
      - start in the corners of the eye and allow water to run over the surface of the eye to the outside
  - - - remove heat
    - - cause by exposure to heat
      - muscle pains/ spasms caused by the loss of water and salt
      - treatment
        
        apply firm pressure to area
        
        rest
        
        small sips of water
    - - exposure to heat and loss of fluids through sweating
      - signs and symptoms
        
        pale/clamy skin
        
        fatigue
        
        weakness
        
        headache
        
        vomiting, dizziness, fainting
      - FA care
        
        treat quick
        
        move person to cool area
        
        loosen clothing
        
        lay them down
        
        elevate feet
        
        small sips of water, monitor for shock
    - - prolonged exposure to high temps.
      - medical emergency
      - body is unable to eliminate excess heat and internal temp rises to 105 degrees F or higher
      - signs and symptoms
        
        no longer sweating
        
        red, hot, dry skin
        
        rapid pulse
        
        may lose consciousness
      - FA care
        
        cool the body quickly
        
        put in tub of cold water
        
        place ice packs on wrists, ankles, and groin
        
        call 911
        
        be alert for shock
- - - - skin is scraped off, limited bleeding
    - - cut by sharp object. edges are smooth and regular
    - - tearing of tissue with excessive force, wound is jagged with irregular edges
    - - sharp object like pin, nail, pointed instrument
    - - tissue is torn/ separated from body. important to save body pert
    - - body part is cut off and separated from the body
- - - - simple- no break in skin, break in bone
    - - compound- open wound in skin, break in bone
    - - deformity
      - pain
      - swelling
      - abnormal movements
    - - treat for shock
      - dont move affected area
      - use splint
      - get medical help
  - - - deformity
      - limited movement
      - swelling
      - pain
      - shortening of limb
    - - same as fractures
  - - - swelling
      - pain
      - discomfort
      - impaired motion
    - - cold application
      - elevate
      - get medical help
  - - - sudden pain
      - swelling
      - bruising
    - - rest
      - cold application
      - warm application
      - medical help
- - - - wipe away from wound while washing
      - rinse thoroughly
      - use sterile supplies
  - - - can enter an open wound
      - serious illness,
      - most common cause is puncture wounds.
  - - - gently remove object.
    - - Should be left for professional
- - - - shivering
      - numbness
      - weakness
      - drowsiness
      - low body temp
    - - move to warm area
      - remove wet clothing
      - slowly warm victim
  - - - pale skin
      - blisters
      - cold to touch
      - numbness
      - sometimes pain
    - - maintain respiration
      - treat for shock
      - warm affected parts