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Digestive & Urinary System (disorders of the digestive and urinary…
Digestive & Urinary System
Major functions of the
digestive and urinary systems
Digestion is the mechanical and chemical breakdown of food.
Absorption is the passage of digested food into the cardiovascular.
Elimination is the expulsion if undigested food and waste
is to excrete waste products/toxic and toxins in our body
major organs of the digestive and urinary systems
the major organ digestive system
salivary glands
pharynx
esophagus
stomach
small intestine
the major urinary system
urethra
the bladder
two kidneys
two ureter
digestive
enzymes
pancreatic lipase
produced in the pancreas: breaks apart fats
pepsin
produced in the stomach< breaks down protein into amino acids
amylase
produced in the mouth, it helps break down larger molecules into smaller molecules
trypsin
produced in pancreas, breaks down proteins
deoxyribonuclease and ribonuclease
produced in the pancreas, enzymes break bonds in nucleic acid like DNA and RNA
major organs of the digestive and urinary systems
digestive
salivary glands
pharynx
esophagus
stomach
small intestine
large intestine
rectum
urinary
kidneys
ureters
bladder
sphincters muscles
nerves in the bladder
location of digestion and absorption of each
macromolecule; layers of the GI tract (including stomach)
ingestion which is taking in the food through the mouth.
peristalsis which is the propulsion by contraction and relaxation of smooth muscle lining the alimentary canal
chemical digestion requires enzymes
digestion process of breaking down larger food molecules into smaller molecules
mechanical digestion the physical breakdown of food by cutting and grinding
Nephron anatomy and physiology
function fliration separate to water, ions and small molecules from the blood, filters out wastes and toxins, and return needed molecules to the blood.
at the end of each nephron in the cortex of the kidney is a cup shaped structure called bowman's capsules surrounds a tuft of capillaries called glomerulus that carries blood from the renal arteries into the nephron, where plasma is filtered through the capsule
disorders of the digestive and urinary systems
diverticutis punches form on the wall of the colon
colorectal cancer uncontrolled cell growth in the colon
hemorrhoids inflammed veins in the rectum or anus
inflammatory bowel disease a chronic complex intestinal condition that causes inflammation in the digestive tract
cholecystitis an inflammation of the gall bladder a chronic disease that occurs when the esophageal sphincter relaxes, allowing the contents of the stomach to move back into the esophagus
gastroespoohageal reflux disease sores that develop in the lining of the stomach of the duodenum
peptic ulcers abnormal abdominal conditions
polyps is growths